SPRUCE BUDWORM AND WHITE PINE WEEVIL 159 
efforts. Several public-spirited men in a community interested in 
the preservation and improvement of the woodlands of their region, 
can readily interest a number of their neighbors in a matter of this 
sort, and by a thorough, conscientious endeavor can do much to 
protect their pines and spruces and thus insure a more beautiful 
and profitable future for their locality. However, it should be 
borne in mind that several years’ effort will be necessary to estab- 
lish control and the results will be more or less temporary unless 
neighboring communities are cooperating. 
SUGGESTED SYSTEMS OF PLANTING WHITE PINE AND NORWAY 
| SPRUCE TO OBVIATE WEEVIL INJURY 
The question is often asked why it is that while the virgin pines 
were most of them so perfect, the new growth is so markedly sub- 
jet to weevil injury. It is believed the correct answer is that these 
perfect and symmetrical trees came up under cover of larger trees, 
either of the same or of other species, and were thus protected from 
injury. By the time their crowns reached through to the open 
above the surrounding trees, the pines were of such a size as to be 
exempt from attack, or if attacked, were injured but slightly. 
There is good reason for believing that any open woodland in this 
part of the country, if left untouched for several centuries, would 
at the end of that period have become as perfect a forest as was 
here when the white man first came, and that the predominating 
tree would be the white pine, provided a few good seed trees of 
white pine were present at the start. The history of such a forest 
would be somewhat as follows: A very large per cent of the first 
new growth of pines would be attacked by the weevil, and never 
reach a height of much more.than thirty feet. A few would prob- 
ably escape without injury or with only minor injuries. Later lots 
of pines coming up under cover of the older “bushy” growth would 
escape with a much smaller percentage of injury, and the survivors 
would eventually over-top the injured growth. Having reached a 
height where they were comparatively exempt from injury, some of 
them would continue to grow, and eventually they would become 
sufficiently numerous to suppress and kill the imperfect stunted 
trees by shading. 
Such a process as that outlined above, however, would certainly 
require several centuries for its completion. The writer thoroughly 
believes that comparatively good results can be accomplished in a 
