40. 



Cost of Tilling Vineyr.rds 



For the vinoyrrds studied, the avorrge cost of tillago amounted to 

 about ono fifth of the total cost of growing grapes, picking and market- 

 ing not included. The ratio of tillago costs to total growing costs varied 

 in the difforont areas fron an averrge of 27 percent in the Niagara. Co#, 

 N.Y,, and Finger Lakes, N.Y*, exotis to 14- percent in the Girard, Pa,, amd 

 Arkansas areas. 



• • IxXi average of 17.6 hours of man labor v/ere spent in tillage work 

 v/hich was 28 percent of the total labor used in growing gi'apos, picking and 

 marketing n6t included, (table 34.) The equivalent of one horse for 18.5 

 hours of ' horse Work and one tractor for 2.2 hours of tractor work were used 

 per acre of vineyard to draw tillage tools. This tillage work amounted to 

 over 60 percent of the total horse hours and to 92 percent of the tractor 

 hours used in grovang g;rapes. Tillage v;ork with tractor power v/as greatest 

 in Pennsylvania, and in Niagara Co., and Chautauqua Co.., N.Y. 



Table 34. - Average amount of man labor and pov/er used in tilling 



an acre of vineyard, by areas, 1928 











: Porcontage that tillngo 





: Man : 



, Horso ; 



: Tractor 



; hours xjoto of total hours , 



Area ; 



: later ; 



work ; 



T.'ork 



: used in 



grovring grapes 1/ 





; Man ; 



; Horse : 



; Tractor 





; Houi's : 



Eovoc s : 



Hours • 



; percent; 



; Percent; 



. Percent 



airard, Pa. : 



: 11.2 : 



7.8 ; 



: 3.4 : 



; 19.8 



: 51.3 ; 



: 81.1 



Michigan : 



. 12.6 



: 14.8 ; 



: 0.4 ; 



: 26.3 ; 



; 59,3 ; 



; 89,5 



North East, Pa. : 



; 15.2 ; 



; 12.6 ; 



1 4.5 



: 29.3 ; 



56.3 ; 



: 93.8 



iir kansas" (1929) 



; 15.7 



: IV. 0. ! 



; 1.1 



: 19.4 



: 51.5 • 



: 87.1 



Niagara Co.., N.Y. 



, 15.4 ■ 



: 12.2 ; 



; 3,9 ; 



I 31.2 



; 53.3 ; 



: 98.4 



Chautauqua Co., N.Y. : 



, 18.9 



: 22.9 : 



; 2.9 : 



30.8 



: 65.8 ; 



; 94.5 



Fin-gor Lakes, N.Y. : 



; 2^.8 



; 24.6 ; 



: 1.6 ; 



; 28.6 ; 



75.4 . 



; 9S.4 



Hudson Talley, N.Y.2/- 



: 45o9 ; 



; 36.4 



: 1.0 : 



; 35.8 



: 74.1 ; 



: 88.7 



Ay or a go 



, 17.6 ; 



16.5 : 





; 27.9 ■ 



; 63.3 ; 



: 92.5 



d. 



1/ Harv0jttlng and marketing not includoi 

 2/ fho rf^n labor and power charged to crops intorplantcd in vineyard 

 includod. The vineyard* s share of man, labor and pov-cr here reported 

 wonted 6B.6 percent of the total amount of man labor and power. 



arc not 

 ropre- 



The average cost of tilling vineyards was about ^15 per acre and 

 vctricd in the difforont areas from an average of $8«67 in Arkansas to $36#15 

 in the Hudson Valley, (table 35.) 



In most of the areas, the cost of man labor amounted to approximately 

 one half and the cost of horse and tractor x/ork to about one third of the 

 total tillago cost. For all aroas, the average cost of using horso- and 

 tractor-drawn tillage tools amounted to .^)1.97 per acre, whith was equal to 

 38 paroent of the combined cost rf horse and tractor \;ork. 



