45. 



For all vinoi^T.rds studied about 5 acres \7cro gang plowed to 1 aero 

 plowed with a singlo-bottom plow, Tlie single plow v7as_fT,enorally used by 

 th|g;^owors in Hudson Valley and in ia^ kansas. In the Hudson Valley over 9G 

 pe>uent and in Arkansas ovei^ 70 percent of the plowed acreage v/as plowed 

 with a single plow, (table <iO.) In the Finger Lakes area 38 percent, of 

 the acreage plowed was done with a single plow. Intorplanted fruit in the 

 Hudson Valley, cheap labor in Arkansas, and the hillsides in the Finger Lakes 

 area probably explain why so much of the plowing in these areas was done with 

 the single plow. 



Tabic 40. - Power used in plowing vineyards with gang plow and with 



single plow, by areas, 1928 



VHCEYARD ACREAGE PLOY/ED 







Percentage plov/od 



with - 



1 



1 







: Gang j 



:dow : 



: Single plow ; 





Area : 







: 1 : 



: 2 : 



1 and 2: 



Total 





; Ti^actor; 



, Horses : 



. horse ; 



; horses : 



horses : 







: Percent: 



: Percent; 



: Percent: 



: Percent: 



Percent: 



Percent 



North East, Pa, : 



; 57.6 : 



: 42.4 : 



•w» 



w» * 



^^ 



• 100.0 



Girard, Pa. ; 



; 57.4 ; 



33.0 I 



: 9.6 : 



— : 



_ • 



: 100.0 



Chautauqua Co., N.Y: 



; 20.0 : 



79.7 : 



; 0.3 : 



► - * 



— ; 



100.0 



Michigan \ 



i 2.8 : 



96.0 \ 



: 0.8 : 



: 0.4 : 



— ; 



; 100,0 



Finger Lakes, N.Y* ; 



: 23.8 : 



38.3 : 



: 12.9 , 



: 1*9 : 



23.1 : 



100.0 



Niagara Co., N.Y. ; 



; 37.3 : 



24.4 : 



^ - : 



■ 10.2 : 



28.1 : 



100.0 



Arkansas (1929) : 



26.9 : 



2.3 : 



37.6 ; 



: 6.6 : 



26.6 ; 



: 100.0 



Hudson Valley, N.Y. : 



: 5«1 : 



2.0 : 



, 88.6 : 



- : 



4.3 ; 



100.0 



All areas ; 



; 25.6 : 



57.9 : 



9.0 : 



1«0 : 



6.5 : 



100.0 



VINSTARDS REPRESMTED 



: Nmiber 



North Eqst, Pa, il/ 38 

 Girnrd, Pa. , : 5 

 Chautauqua Co.,N.Y. :2/ 16 



Michigan 



Finger Lakes, N.Y. 

 Niagrjra Co,., N.Y. 

 Arkansas (1929) 

 Hudson Vellpy,N«Y. 

 Total 



3 

 15 

 4 

 2 

 5 



66 



NvEiibei- 



34 



7 

 72 

 82 

 32 



3 



1 



1 



332 



Nuiaber 



3 

 1 

 1 



Number : Number 



21 



20 



77 



1 



2 

 3 

 7 



* •« 



1 ««• 



32 

 4 



16 

 1 



Number 



72 

 15 

 89 

 87 

 103 

 14 

 47 

 34 



13 



53 



•■■•Ml* 



'■el 



4u 



1/ Includes 4 "Vliaoytirds whore a aBiail part of the aorearo wn^ plowed with horses* 

 2/ Includes 2 •7iii03mras V7here t, siiiall jpart of the acreage ».'bs plowed with horses* 



In Mi Chi gin, Pennsylvania, and Chautauqua Counter, New York, practically 

 all of the ploTTing was done with gang plov/s* A special 3-gang vineyard plow 

 was usually used* Eighty- two g^i^owers interview'.. I in Michig?.n did their gang 

 plowing v/ith horses and only 3 with tractors • (triblo 40*) More tractor- 

 drawn plows were used in Chautauajia County, N*Y*, than in Michigan* In Penn- 

 sylvania the acreage plowed by trr.ctor-ajrawn plcv;s exceeded that plowed by 

 horse-draTTn ploT/s* Michigan vineyards in general wore more easily tilled 

 than Pennsylvania vineyards and hired labor cost less in Michigan than in 

 Pennsylvania^ 



