49. 



Disking, Harrov/ing, and Cultivating 



Tlie disk and harrow were used more ISy the Pennsylvania vineyardists 

 than by those in other States. From 3 to 4 tines as many hours v/ere spent in 

 the Pennsylvania -vineyards in disking and harrowing as v;ere used in plowing. 

 The time spent in disking and harrowing also exceeded the tine spent in plow- 

 ing the vineyards studied in Chautauqua Co., N. Y., Michigan, and Arkansas. 

 Growers in the Finger. Lakes and Hudson Valley areas made the lojast use of 

 the disk and harrow. In the Finger Lakes vineyards, 5 hours were spent in 

 plowing to each hour spent in disking and harrov/ing. 



In terms of acreage covered once, the disk v/as used more than tv/ice 

 as much as the harrow in the Girnj'd and Arkansas vineyards, and nearly twice 

 as much in the Chautauqua vineyards, (table 44#) In Michigan, hov/ever, the 

 harrow was used nearly twice as rauch as the disk. According to I]r. Partridge, 

 cultivation should be shallo\ir in grape vineyards and for this type of culti- 

 vation the harrov/ is a -better tool than the disk on light soils and the disk 

 is more effective on loams. Pos-sibily this difference in the -adaptation of 

 the two tools has some -influence in determining the greater use of the harrow 

 in Michigan vineyards. ■ 



Table 44. - Use made, of the disk, harrow, cultivator,, and roller in 



tilling Tinoyards, by arcias, 1928 



Area 



G-irard, Pa. . 

 Arkansas (1929') 

 Niagara Co. , N.Y. ; 

 North , East, Pa. 

 Chautauqua €o. , N.Y.' 

 Michigan 



Finger Lakes, N.Y. 

 Hudson Valley, N.Y. 



All areas 



Percenta^^e of total v/ork measured in 



terms of acreage cov 



Disk 



Percent 

 .67.6 . 

 '66.6 ' 

 o'x .4 

 53.9 

 50.5 

 36.3 

 28.6 

 3.0 



46.8 



Harrov/ : (Bulti- 

 : vator 



Percent: Percent 

 . 31.8 ; n.2 



25.7 : 



* 



40.3 : 



41.8 : 



on p; . 



62.2 



•5.9 



9 / 



20.0 

 1.5 



67.6 : 3.6 

 37.2 : 59.8 



<■»—»—» n 



41.7 ; 10.7 



M. nn M I ' 



ered once 



Roller^ 

 planner , 

 etc. 



Percent 

 0.4 

 1.8 



O Q 



•0.0 • 

 2.0 



0.0 

 0.2 



0.0 



II " I II ■'■ 



0.8 



Total 



Percent 

 100.0 

 100.0 

 100.0 

 100.0 

 100.0 

 100.0 

 100.0 

 100,0 



100.0. 



Acreage 

 covered 

 once 



t^mmm'm>m0mm^f-r''^mmmfm 



Acres 

 2,560 

 4,255 

 664 

 9,298 

 11,243 

 7,361 

 4,418 

 2,156 



: 41,955 



