50. 



For the vineyards studied, the disk is used primarily as a tractor- 

 drawn tool and the harrov/ primarily as a horse-drawn tool. For all vine- 

 yards, 77.4 percent of the acreage harrowed was harrov/ed with horses, and 

 70.6 percent of the acreage disked v/as disked v/ith tractors, (table 45.) 

 Both a disk and harrow v/ere sometimes hitched in combination behind a tractor t 



Table 45. - Pov/er used to disk, harrow, , and cultivate, as measured 

 by percentage of total vineyard acreage covered once, by areas, 1928 



DISK 



: 







; More . : 







Equivalent 





1 . : 



2 



: than ; 







to acreage 



Area : 



horse : 



, horses : 



; 2 : 

 ; horses ; 



, Tractor; 



, Total : 



c overed 

 once 





percent; 



. Percent; 



: Percontj 



' Percent; 



Percent; 



Acres 



Hudson Yalloy, N.Y. : 



«. 



9 



^ 



! 100.0 : 



: 100.0 : 



: . 64 



Niagara Co., N.Y. : 



; - ' ; 



; 4.5 ■ 



; ^ ■ 



: 95.5 ; 



, 100,0 



: 361 



Girard, Pa« 



; — 



: 15.4 



I — ; 



I 83.6 ; 



i 100.0 ' 



! 1,732 



Chautauqua Co., N.Y. : 



; 1.1 



: 17,0 



► "* 



: 81.9 ; 



: 100.0 



: 5,675 



North ^ast, Pa. : 



; 0.2 : 



: 14.0 



: - ; 



: 85.8 , 



; 100.0 ■ 



> 7,005 



Finger Lakes, N.Y, : 



- 



: 26,7 



; - 



; 73.3 



; 100.0 



; 1,263 



Arkansas (1929) 



: - 



; 36.4 



: 10.0 



; 53,6 • 



; 100.0 



: 2,833 



Michigan 



: - 



: 65.2 



: 1.5 



: 33.3 



: 100.0 



: 2,676 



All areas 



: 0^4 



: 27.3 



: 1.7 • 



: 70.6 



: 100.0 ' 



: 21,609 







H/iRROW 











Hudson Yalloy, N.Y. : 



. 33.4 ; 



; 55.2 : 





11.4 ; 



:' 100.0 : 



: 803 



Niagara Co., N.Y, :: 



; — ! 



: 13,8 :, ■ 



^ : 



86.2 



: 100.0 : 



; 267 



airard, Pa. 



: 3.1 : 



: 76.2. :' 



•■» • 



20.7 



: 100.0 ; 



: 814 



Chautauqua Co., N.Y.: 



3.9 



! 83,9 : 



- •. 



12.2 ; 



. 100.0 



: 3,090 



North East, pa. 



: 0,5 



; 53,9 : ■ 



"* ■ ' 



45.6 



; 100.0 • 



: 3,886 



Finger Lakes, N.Y. : 



: 11,9 



: 64.9 : 



- : 



23,2 



: 100.0 



: 2,084 



Arkansas (1989) : 



; 2.3 • 



: 76,.3 : 



7.7 :, 



13.7 



:' 100.0 • 



1,095 



Michigan : 



; 1.7 



! 83.5 : 



4.3 :. 



1'0.5 ; 



; 100.0 ; 



; 4,576 



All areas 



: 5.1 • 



: 70.7 :" 



1.6 :• 



22.6 ; 



; 100.0 



1 17.515 



CULTEVATE 



wt^m^mmmmmmmmym 



Hudson Valley, N.Y. 

 Chautauqua Co.,' N.Y. 



100.0 

 6.8 



93*. 2 



100.0 5 1,289 

 100.0 : 2,252 





•r-T 



In Michigan and Arkansas the common practice was to make one trip to 

 the row when.harrov/ing or' disking with a tractor, but tv/o trips v/ith horses. 

 Considerable' saving in time results if the, harrow or disk can be, so adjusted 

 that 01.0 trip with the tractor, does as satisfactory work as two trips with 

 horses, (table 46.) The practice of going oiice to the row with the tractor- 

 drawn disk or harrow mcxs not so generally followed by the North East, Pa. , 

 grov/ers as by the Michigan and ili'kansas growers, qnd was practiced less "hy the 

 Chautauqua producers than by the North East, Pa., growers. Differences in 

 soil texture and ease mth which the soil is tilled, nay explain the differ- 

 ences in this practice. 



