56, 



The average cost of horse hoeing Yfith one-horso hoes amounted to 

 $0,67 per acre in Arkansas and $1.03 per acre in Michigan, In all other 

 areas the cost was considerably higher, averaging well above $E,0<^ per acre, 

 except in the airard, Pa., area where the average cost was$l,63 per acre* • 

 (table 53.) 



Table 53, - Cost per acre of horse hoeing vineyards twice to the 

 Tcvj^ With indicated cro?/3, by areas, 19S8 



. , — ^ — 1 MAN 1, .HOPR]^ 



Area ; 



' Cost per 



hour -• 



; Cost per 

 ; acre for 

 labor and 







Man : 



: Horse : 







; la^^or : 



work : 



horse work 







• Cents ! 



; Cents ; 



Dollars 





Arkansas (1929) ] 



: 24. 5 



: 14,2 ; 



; 0,67 





Michigan 



; 44.6 



; 21.7 • 



: 1.03 





Girard, Pa, 



: 49 .7 



: 26.0 



; 1,65 





North East, Pa, : 



! 4R,3 



: 28.5 ; 



2.14 





Niagara Co,, N.Y. : 



; 56.9 



: 15. P : 



2.2B 





Finger Lakes , N.Y. : 



45 . 6 : 



: 10.0 : 



; 2,3P 





Ghautauqua Co., N.Y. ; 



49.2 ; 



22,3 



: 2,40 





1 }Am 2 HORSES 



Michigan ; 



; 40 .4 ; 



; 18,6 





1.57 



North East, Pa, 



47.4 



: 25,4 





2.24 



Chautauqua C^., N.Y. ; 



; 50.0 ; 



; IR.l 





2.46 



Hand Hoeing 



tj 



In the Hudson Valley an average of abrut 10 hours per acre of vine- 

 yard v/ere spent in hand hoeing, which was about 3 timos that reported in any 

 other area, (table 54.) In all areas, there were 11£ vinqy-ards, or abr'Ut 

 1 in 5, for Y^rhich no hand hoeing was reported. (tabls 55,) Five hours ^r 

 less per acre of hand hoeing were reported on 72 percant of the vineyards 

 that were hand hoed. 



The average expense per acre for hand hoeing for all vineyards studied 

 in an area, including vineyards not hand hoed, varied from $4,03 in the 

 E:udson Valley to |0»60 in Arkansas, (table 54.) A majority of the hours of 

 hand hoeing in each area Y/aa done by hired labor. 



Tillage costs increased as the amount of hand hoeing increased^ This 

 was true for all but one of the L?. comparisons in table 56, An average of 

 the averages for Arkansas, Pennsylvania, Chautauqua Co., N,y,, and Michigan 

 showed an increase in tillage cost of 23 percent for vineyards hand hood 3 

 or more hours per acre compared with those hand hoed les3 than 3 hours per 

 acre. A comparison of horse hoeing for these same 4 areas showed an in** 

 crease in tillage cost of only 5 percent for vineyords horse hoed more than 

 once during the season compared v;ith those horse hood once or loss* 



