73. 



Most of tiiG spraying in MicMgr.n in 1928 occurred from June""l to the 

 middle of July, more vincyru^ds being sprcyod in June then in July, 



In Arkansas the amount of spraying continued at about tho same rate 

 from the last week in April to tho second week in June. T\Tonty-six Arkansas 

 vineyards were sprayed only once or tvace during tho season; 18 of these 

 vineyards wore sprayed before the bloom, or not later than the middle of Ivliay, 

 and 8 were not sprayed until after the bloom, or until after the middle of 

 May. The vineyards sprayed before the bloom period produced, on the average, 

 about twice as man^^ grapes as did those spr-ayed for tho first time during 

 the season after the bloom. In 1929 in ^Irkansas , it was important to apply 

 the first spray before the bloom. 



Spraying and Dusting Costs 



The cost of spraying an acre once varied from an average of $3 in the 

 Finger Lakes area to $8.77 in tho Hudson Yalloy area, the average for all 

 areas being -64:. 68. (table 69.) Usually about one third of the cost was for 

 spray materials. Only o0.54 worth of spray material was applied per acre for 

 one spraying in tho Finger Lakes aroqs compared vath an average of over $E 

 per acre for vineyards studied at North East, Pa,, and in Chautauqua County 

 and tho Hudson Yalloy. 



Tho cost for tho use of the sprayor in. rxv^lying one spray averaged over 

 ti>l per acre. Tho labor cost w.s usually more than $1 per acre for applying 

 one spray, and tho povjor to haul tho sprryor cost an average of$0.56 per aero 



Forty -three of tho growers interviewed hired sprayers and 12 hired 

 dusters, (table 70.) The total cost of spraying an acre of vineyard once was 

 less, on the average, with hired than v/ith owned nr^chines, (tabio 71.) Most 

 farmers who hired sprayers had a small acreage of vineyrrd and orchard. Hir- 

 ing a sprayer is aomotimes a cheap way of getting a small vineyard and 

 orchard sprayed. Hovjovor, timeliness is sometimes of prime importance and 

 if tho sprayor cannot be hired \7hen needed most, dcpcndenQe on hiring a 

 sprayor may prove veiy costly. Some growers reduce the expense of spraying 

 by owning a sprayer in partnership with a neighbor. 



Ten iiTkansas grovrers used, in 1929, hand-pump outfits to S2:r^ay their 

 vineyards. Those usually included a barrel v/ith a capacity of 50 gallons. 

 On tho average, Arkansas gravers with hand-pump outfits applied about half 

 as much spray per aero of vineyard as v/as applied v/hen pov/er outfits were 

 used. No doubt tho foliage was bettor covered v;ith spray when api^liod v:ith 

 high-pressure pov:Br outfits. 



The hand-pump sprayers were much cheaper to maintain, but more labor 

 v:as used in spraying an aero with hand pump than with power sprayers. The 

 total cost of applying one spray per acre was only 51 cents less with hand^ 



pumps than' with poT;er sprayers. 



