In experiment 3, five spray applications were required because of the slow 

 growth of the fall-planted cabbage. In looper control, all materials gave 

 significant reductions when compared with the check. Excellent control was 

 obtained with endrin, endosulfan, and Guthion. Good control was obtained with 

 naled, dimethoate, malathion, and 2 pounds of American Cyanamid 24055. Tri- 

 chlorfon, aldrin, and 1 pound of American Cyanamid 24055 gave fair control. 

 Against cabbage aphids, dimethoate and endosulfan were especially outstanding. 

 Guthion, endrin, and naled were also highly effective against aphids . Trichlor- 

 fon and both dosages of American Cyanamid 24-055 were ineffective against the 

 aphids . 



In experiment 4, conducted in August, eight materials were compared with 

 endrin in toxicity to loopers on month-old cabbage . Counts of loopers on 

 August 23 showed that aside from endrin and General Chemical 3583* these 

 materials, after one application, gave inadequate control of both small and 

 medium-sized loopers . 



Experiment 5 was a continuation of experiment 4 to compare the toxicity of 

 naled with that of certain other insecticides against cabbage loopers. Bayer 

 29^91 and fenthion caused severe burn to the leaves of the cabbage. Bayer 

 29U9I, naled, and Shell Compound 4072 gave good control of loopers. Methyl 

 Trithion and Bayer compounds 30911* 373^1* and 39007 gave only partial control. 



Two insecticide experiments against cabbage aphids were conducted in 

 February 1961 in single -row plots of cabbage in the Dudley field near Corona 

 (Riverside County), where minimum temperatures ranged from 5° to 10° F. lower 

 than those in Los Angeles County. In each experiment two spray applications 

 were made on February 9 and 21. Aphid counts were made on February 13, 20, and 

 27. In experiment A, dimethoate at 1 pound per acre was the most effective 

 (98-percent control). Endosulfan, Guthion, and Zectran at 1 pound per acre, 

 naled and carbaryl at 2 pounds, and toxaphene at 3 pounds plus parathion at one- 

 half pound gave 64-percent control and less. In experiment B, no commercially 

 acceptable control of aphids (less than 55 percent) was obtained with the 

 following insecticides and pathogen applied at the indicated dosages in pounds 

 per acre: Toxaphene 3 plus parathion one-half, Zectran one-half, 1, and 2, 

 Guthion 1, General Chemical 3583 1* and B. thuringiensis l\ . The lower tempera- 

 tures in the Corona area may have been responsible for reducing the effective- 

 ness of parathion, Guthion, and endosulfan. 



As shown in table 1, additional experiments (6-8) were conducted against 

 loopers and aphids in the Dudley field. 



In experiment 6, the cabbage grew slowly; thus, five spray applications 

 were necessary between February 28 and April 25 . Two combinations of materials 

 included in this experiment but not shown in the table were eliminated after one 

 application because of the excessive buildup of cabbage aphids. These materials 

 were carbaryl (50-percent wettable powder) 1 pound plus piperonyl butoxide 1 

 pound and B. thuringiensis 2 pounds (5 billion spores per gram) plus 1-percent 

 rotenone 0.1+ pound applied as a dust. Bayer 39007 (emulsifiable concentrate) at 

 1 and 2 pounds per acre was eliminated from this experiment also after one 

 application, because the leaves of the treated cabbage were burned severely. 



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