(4) Giffen, E. and A. Murazew. The Atomization of Liquid Fuels. Chapman and Hall, 
London (1953). (A review of research on spray formation.) 
(5) Herdan, Gustav. Small Particle Statistics. Elsevier Press, Amsterdam. 1953. (Entire 
monograph deals with statistics involved in sampling and describing size distribu- 
tion of dusts and sprays.) 
(6) Marshall, W. R., Jr. Atomization and Spray Drying. Chem. Engin. Prog. Monograph 
Series No. 2, Vol. 50, A.I.CH.E. (1954) (A review of research on spray formation, 
including air atomizers and spinning discs, and review of drop evaporization.) 
(7) Ranz, William E. On Sprays and Spraying. Engin. Res. Bul. B-65, Pennsyl- 
vania State University (1956) (A review of theory and experiments on 
sprays. Includes droplet stability and inertial impaction.) 
(8) Whitby, K. T. Bibliography of Particle Size Determination. Univ. of Minn. M. E. 
Dept., Milling Engin. Res., Minneapolis (1949) (Outlines 27 methods of particle 
size determination, and contains a bibliography of 450 titles on this subject.) 
(9) Basic Considerations in the Combustion of Hydrocarbon Fuels in Air. National 
Advisory Committee for Aeronautics Report 1300. Washington (1959) (Chapter 1 
provides a concise review of mechanics of spray formation.) 
(10) Handbook on Aerosols. Atomic Energy Commission, Washington (1950). (Com- 
pilation of reports on various phases of researchon aerosols with D<<100 microns.) 
USE OF INSECTICIDES TO PROTECT STORED GRAINS, FRUITS, AND VEGETABLES 
L. S. Henderson! 
The discussion of this topic involves a slightly different approach than was followed 
in the other parts of the symposium. We are dealing here with chemicals in relation to 
harvested crops and processed plant or grain products rather than with the application of 
chemicals to growing plants. A definition of the boundaries of the subject matter to be 
covered will be helpful. We will deal with stored grains as a raw agricultural commodity 
and also with the flour and various cereal products derived from grains. There are not 
many insect problems with harvestedfresh fruits and vegetables, but the problems may be 
serious with dried fruits and dehydrated vegetables. Petfoods and mixed animal feeds are 
included, but a number of other commodities dealt with in research on stored-product 
insects will be omitted even though there are residue problems involved. 
It is apparent that many stored products are about to be consumed as food or animal 
feed. Contamination of these products by insects or pesticides is critical. There is no 
opportunity, as in the treatment of fieldcrops, for the residue to become depleted through 
weathering or aging. Many of the products are already processed and in those cases the 
residue cannot be removed by processing. The publicis becoming increasingly demanding 
that food be pure, clean, andwholesome,andfree of insects as well as pesticide residues. 
The requirements of the Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act place restrictions on contamination 
of foods with insects or pesticides. Sometimes there is a rather delicate balance where 
pesticides must be used to prevent insect infestations in foods, and contamination with 
the pesticide must be avoided. 
1Entomologist, Market Quality Research Division, Agricultural Marketing Service, U. S. Department of Agriculture, 
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