many legumes. Red clover, alsike clover, and annual lespedezas, however, are sensi- 

 tive to TCA, and mixtures containing these species should not be sprayed for weed 

 control with this herbicide. NOTE: Use of MCPA and 2,4-D on established legume 

 mixtures, especially those containing alfalfa, should be considered as an emergency 

 weed control measure. These herbicides should not be used unless serious weed in- 

 festations threaten the loss of the crop. If used, MCPA and 2,4-D, along with DNBP, 

 should be applied following suggestions outlined for weed control in established grass - 

 legume mixtures. 



(3) For preharvest control of many grasses and most broadleaved annual weeds in 

 legume seed fields: DNBP at 1 to 2 pounds or PCP at 4 to 6 pounds in 5 to 10 gallons of 

 dlesel oil per acre. Treatment will also facilitate harvest by desiccating and defoliating 

 legumes. For serious grass infestations, endothal at 1 to 2 pounds plus ammonium 

 sulphate at 4 to 6 pounds in 20 to 40 gallons of water per acre will often give better 

 results than the DNBP treatment. 



Higher rates of application are usually required under the arid conditions of the West. 



ESTABLISHED FORAGE GRASSES FOR SEED PRODUCTION 



(1) For control of most annual and many broadleaved perennial weeds: Post- 

 emergence application of an amine salt or ester of 2,4-D or MCPA at 1/2 to 1 pound 

 in 5 to 20 gallons of water per acre after grasses are well tillered but prior to reaching 

 the boot stage may be applied without significant injury to the grasses. Applications of 

 2,4-D or MCPA should not be made in the early seedling stage, the boot stage, or in the 

 early heading stage. The bromegrasses, bluegrass, orchard grass, the fescues, the 

 ryegrasses, dallis grass, and many others are tolerant to the treatnnent. However, the 

 bentgrasses and some others are known to be sensitive and treatment should not be 

 attempted unless the tolerance of the grass species is known. 



ESTABLISHED PERMANENT GRASS-LEGUME PASTURES 

 (Including white, Ladino, and alsike clovers) 



(1) For control of most broadleaved weeds, such as bitterweed, tarweed, ragweed, 

 boneset, sneezeweed, pigweed, chicory, dandelion, curled dock, burdock, Canada thistle, 

 and others: Post-emergence application of an amine salt or ester of 2,4-D at 1/2 to 1 

 pound in 5 to 20 gallons of water per acre applied in late spring after the period of 

 initial rapid growth of legumes but while weeds are still small. 



(2) For control of wild garlic, wild onion, Canada thistle, and other semitolerant 

 pasture weeds in many areas, 2 applications each year for 2 or more years may be 

 required. Two applications- -one during the period, October to December, and the 

 second during the period, February to May- -have proved effective in some areas 

 for controlling wild onion, wild garlic, and curled dock in pastures. Foliage applica- 

 tions of 2,4,5 -T may be used for spot treatment control of woody plants in pastures. 



Comments and precautions. - -Good cultural practices, including proper 

 fertilization and efficient grazing management, must be emphasized as necessary 

 for successful control of weeds in pastures. When these practices have been followed 

 within the limits of practicality and weed infestations still occur, 2,4-D and 2,4,5 -T 

 or mixtures of these herbicides may be used effectively and safely for weed and 

 woody plant control. 



WEEDS AND WOODY PLANTS ON RANGELANDS 



Aerial Applications 



(1) For control of sand sagebrush: Ester of 2,4-D at 1 pound in oil or in an emulsion 

 of 1 gallon of dlesel oil to 2 to 4 gallons of water per acre applied In May or early 



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