Sargent, Charles S. 



1947. The Silva of North America. 14 v. Peter Smith, New York. 



Small, John K. 



1933. Manual of the southeastern flora. 1554 pp. Univ. North Carolina Press, Chapel 

 Hill. 



The compilation is limited to vascular plants, including the pteridophytes. As many original 

 papers as possible were examined to check the accuracy of citation and determine content suit- 

 ability. Generally, references to vertebrate and noninsect assemblages were omitted except as 

 they were included in the general plant and insect association. The authors strongly suggest 

 that for the convenience of cataloging, the specific Latin names should be included in the titles 

 of published papers. 



The increase of activity in the past 10 years in biological control of undesirable plants 

 has emphasized the critical need for studies in this field. For this reason, titles from outside 

 the United States and Canada are included if they are particuarly comprehensive or if they fill a 

 gap in the knowledge of the insects associated with a family of plants. It is impossible to include 

 every such reference, -but many papers useful to those working with phytophagous insects are 

 included. 



The present paper comprises four sections, each having a specific purpose. 



Section I is the main body of references to insect assemblages with a plant species or genus, 

 arranged in alphabetical order by plant family and by plant genus or species. We have attempted 

 to limit our bibliography in this section to several categories: (1) References to reports of 

 associations from a single locality, (2) reports which cover the entire range of the plant, 

 (3) native plants in or out of cultivation, (4) uncultivated introduced plants which attract our 

 native insects, and (5) some introduced plants in cultivation. A paper restricted to a single 

 order of insects was included if this was the only reference to associations of insects with the 

 plant species. References were omitted which treated only injurious insects of specific intro- 

 duced plants unless these were the only treatments available for the particular plants. Other 

 references were omitted which primarily concerned identification and control of insects asso- 

 ciated with specific cultivated plants. Whenever we experienced doubt regarding the applicability 

 of some references, we included them. Special attention is directed to the work of Kaltenbach 

 (1874) cited in Section III. This work is arranged by plant families, and, although restricted to 

 European insects, it has one of the most complete listings of plant-feeding insects we have seen. 

 It may offer clues to the food habits of the American members of insect genera common to both 

 continents. A comparable work for forest insects of Southern Asia is that of Bhasin et al (1954- 

 61). (See Section m.) 



Section n is a special section devoted to the principal works of Charles Robertson. Both 

 botanist and entomologist, he wrote prolifically between 1886 and 1933 on the subject of inte- 

 relations of insects and flowers. His Flowers and Insects (1929), arranged in alphabetical order 

 by plant families, summarized his personal observations between 1899 and 1929; his principal 

 earlier references were included. Section I would have been unduly enlarged had we included 

 the Robertson references under each plant family, thus our decision to give these references a 

 special category. Many other references of Robertson not included here treat phenology, evolu- 

 tion of entomophilus flowers, and anthecology. They can be found in Ecology, Scientific Monthly, 

 Psyche, and American Naturalist. 



Section III contains a list of general references to phytophagous insects. Some individual 

 reports contain many sections treating specific plant-insect associations, such as the work by 

 Packard (1890) on shade tree insects, Craighead (1950) on eastern forests, and the companion 

 work by Keen (1958) on western forests. Others are valuable sources of more general asso- 

 ciational data involving plant associes such as prairies (Hendrickson 1930, 1931; Vestal 1913), 

 hammocks (Dozier 1920), and swamps. The works of Brues (1946) and Frost (1959) are basic 

 ones that include general treatments of phytophagous insects; they contain extensive bibliog- 

 raphies. 



Section IV includes principal references to the phytophagous food habits of several insect 

 orders. Peterson's excellent manuals of insect larval forms (1948, 1951--cited in Section III) 

 include extensive food-plant lists of the insect orders treated. The list of references in Section 

 IV is by no means complete, but it will give the worker a basis for further bibliographical 

 searching, especially at the insect-family level. 



