bluegrass, as well as the asscciated legumes alsike clover, whit 
clover, and sweetclovers, Rusts, smuts, end leaf spots are the 
principal agents damaging tha gresses, while the legumes are ate 
tacked by root. rots, crowm rots, and virus diseases, Disease 
damage to the legumes is one cf the princitral causes of: less in 
this regicn. 
Southwest aric region. Grazing in this region is mainly con 
desert shrubs and associete’ grasses suah as blue grama, drops+eds, 
and lovesrasses. FHecause of the extremely low humidity diseases 
are of little censequence except where forage is grown under irri- 
Ea tionie : 
Pacific coast region. From scuthern Californie to northern: 
Washington forage is preduced on dry lard as eli as on irripated 
pastures and range. Many grasses are utilized, of which species 
of Bromus, Stipa, Lolium, Festuca, Poa, Phieur, and Hordeum pre- 
dominate. Several species of Trifolium, Medicago, Melilotus, end 
Lotus comprise the leguminous components. Becaise of increesed 
moisture tha gresses are attacked mere severely by mary of the 
same pathogens that occur in the Great Plains, The legumes are 
attacked by sclerotinia crown rot, fusarium root rots, rhizoctonia 
foliar blight, virus disezses, and various fungus leaf spots, 
Southern States. In the South diseases attack the important 
forage grasses and legumes throughout the year. Dallis and Rermuda 
gresses are attacked less thar some of the others. Crom mst, for 
exanple, limits the utilization of anrusl ryegrass for winter 
grazing. Tall fescue is usually severely damaged by Rhizoctonia 
ocr ere during the humid summer, Sudan gress is susceptitie to 
alf a dozen serious diseases that can reduce yields one-third to 
see and orchard grass is affected by rust and leaf spot. 
Crimson clover is damaged nearly every winter by sclerotiris crown 
rot, which also attacks and sometimes severely damages Ladino, 
white, and red clovers. The clovers are also damaged hy virus 
diseases and fungus leaf spots. Stands of red clever are some- 
times nearly eliminated by southern enthracnose. The rooteknot 
nematode attacks annual lespedezés amd other legumes. 
North Centrel and Northeastern States. Grasses of this region 
include orchard, smoothbrome, timothy, Kentucky bluegrass, fescues, 
and redtcp. Stagonospora leaf spot is common on orchard grass, 
and Helminthosporium, Rhynchosporium, and bacterial foliar diseases 
attack smooth brome. Timothy, redtcp, anc Kentucky bluegrass are 
damaged by stripe smut, and bluegrass is sometimes damaged by 
Helminthosporium leaf spot and root rot. Sclerotinia crown rot 
and virus diseases are becoring increasingly important on Ladino 
clover, while alfalfa is damaged by bacterial wilt, black stern, 
and leaf spots, Red clover anc slsike are susceptible to reot 
eichan and birdsfeot trefotli to rhizoctonia foliar blight during 
warm,humid periods, Sweetclevers, particularly in the Midwest, 
are attacked by black stem ard by reot rots. 
