renges from 0 to 19 percent. Losses may be reduced by a proper 
disease-control program in the orchard and by careful handling 
and packing and adequate refrigeration. 
Avocados. —- About 2.2 percent of the avocados are destroyed 
by decay and internal breakdown during marketing and in the home. 
Losses may be reduced by careful handling and prompt marketing 
and utilization. 
Cherries. - Decay, due mostly to Rhizopus rot, green mold, brow 
rot, and gray mold, causes a loss of about 2.l percent during ship- 
ment. Decay per car ranges from 0 to 49 percent. Losses may be 
reduced by packing-house sanitation, careful handling and packing, 
and adequate refrigeration. 
Cranberries. = About 12 percent of the cranberries are affected 
by decay. Much of this damage occurs while they are in the retail 
store and is passed on to the consumer. The price may be reduced 
if the decay is very noticeable. Keeping the berries refrigerated 
until ready to use will reduce decay considerably. 
Grapefruit. - Blue mold and stem end rot cause decay in about 
12.8 percent of grapefrvits during shipment, in the market, and 
in the home. Decay per car ranges from 0 to 2h percent, being 
lowest in December and highest in July. Hlue mold is most impor- 
tant in California and Texas fruit. Both diseases are equally 
important in Florida fruit. Losses may be redwed by packing- 
house sanitation, careful handling to avoid injuries, treating 
the fruit with borax or sodium orthophenylvhenate, use of diphenyl- 
treated wraps or cartons, and refrigeration. 
Grapes. = The 9 percent decay in grapes during shipment, and narket- 
ing is due to gray mold and Rhizopus rot. Decay per car ranges from 
0 to 7h percent. Losses may be reduced by fumigating with sulfur 
dioxide in storage and in the cars and by refrigeration. 
Lemons. = About 7.8 percent. decay in lemons ig caused during markete 
ing and at home by blue mold, brown rot, and alterneria rot. Lesses 
may be redwed by refrigeration and by marketing and using the fruit 
before it has been stored too long. 
Limes. - About 4.6 percent decay, caused mostly by blue mold, oc- 
curs during marketing. Losses may be reduced by refrigeration. 
Oranges. - Decay, caused mostly by blue mold and stem end rot, 
destroys about 15.3 percent during shipment, in the market, and in 
the home. Decay per car ranges from 0 to ll percent. No stem end 
ret occurs 6n California oranges. Blue mold and stem end rot are 
equally important on Florida oranges. Losses may be reduced by 
packing-house sanitation, careful handling and packing to avoid 
injuries, treating the fruit with borax or sodium orthophenylphenate, 
use of diphenyl-treated fruit wraps and cartons, and refrigeration, 
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