THE FISHES OF NEW JERSEY. 99 



Clupea cEStivaUs Bean, Bull. U. S. F. Com., VH, 1892, p. 149. 

 —Moore, Bull. U. S. F. Com. XH, 1892, p. 359.— Smith, Bull. 

 U. S. F. Com., XII, 1892, p. 368. 



Genus Ai^osa Cuvier. 



The Shad. 

 Alosa sapidissima (Wilson). 



Shad. Jack. Brass Back. 



Head 4; depth 2}i ; D. iv, 13; A. iii, 18; scales 56 in lateral 

 series to base of caudal, and about 4 more on latter; 18 scales 

 between dorsal and ventral; abdominal scutes 22 + 16; man- 

 dible I }i in head ; edge of dorsal anteriorly i ^ ; base of anal 

 ij4 ; pectoral ij^ ; ventral 2^/5 ; least depth of caudal peduncle 

 2% ; lower caudal lobe i ; snout 4 in head, measured from tip 

 of upper jaw; eye 4; maxillary 2; interorbital space 4. Body 

 comparatively deep, strongly compressed. Head deep and free 

 portion of cheek deeper than long. Jaws toothless, upper with 

 a sharp deep notch at tip and premaxillaries meeting at a very 

 acute angle. Mandible not protruding. Maxillary reaching 

 about opposite posterior margin of pupil, and its greatest expan- 

 sion about two-thirds of orbit. Interorbital space convex. Oper- 

 cular edge of gill-opening deeply incised below. Gill-rakers 

 40 -\- 70, very long, slender, inner finely denticulate, and longest 

 much longer than longest filaments or about equal to snout. 

 Peritoneum white. Dorsal inserted nearer tip of snout than base 

 of caudal. Anal inserted nearer base of caudal than origin of 

 ventral, low, and first rays but little elevated. Lower caudal lobe 

 a little larger. Pectoral small, about four-sevenths of space to 

 ventral. Ventral inserted behind dorsal and a little less than two- 

 fifths of space to anal. Color bluish on back, otherwise silvery- 

 white. A slaty or dusky blotch behind opercle followed by a 

 series of indistinct blotches of pale slaty, and in some lights 

 several smaller series below, though very faint. Dorsal and 

 caudal tinted with dusky, other fins pale. Iris silvery. Length 

 23 inches. Delaware River. 



