202 REPORT OF NEW JERSEY STATE MUSEUM. 



y. A slit behind last gill ; lower pharyngeals 

 separate, or very rarely coalescent ; scales 

 cycloid or ctenoid. percomorphi 



/;'. No slit behind last gill ; lower pharyn- 

 geals fully without suture ; scales cycloid. 



PHARYNGOGNATHI 



a. Post-temporal typically co-ossified with, 

 skull. 



k. Maxillary normal. squamipennes 

 kk. Maxillary co-ossified with premaxil- 

 laries and dentaries with articulars. 

 /. Teeth in jaws distinct. 



}ii. Skin covered with scales of 

 moveable plates ; spinous dor- 

 sal present. sclerodermi 

 mm. Body covered with immov- 

 able bony scutes forming a 

 carapace; spinous dorsal ob- 

 solete. OSTRACODERMI 

 //. Teeth coalescent into i or 2 bony 

 plates in each jaw; no spinous 

 I • dorsal or ventrals. gymnodontes 

 hJi. Suborbital with bony stay back ff-om suborbital 

 ring to or toward preopercle. 



n. Pectoral fin simple ; 

 shoulder-girdle and jaws 

 normal. pareioplit.E 



nn. Pectoral fin divided in 2 

 parts, or with free de- 

 tached rays ; wideh--sep- 

 arated shoulder-girdle 

 -'- peculiarly modified ; post- 



temporal forming integ- 

 ral part of skull ; postero- 

 temporal crowded out of 

 place above and on each 

 side of post-temporal. 



CRANIOMI 



dd. Inner ventral rays of each fin longest. gobioidei 



cc. Spinous dorsal modified into a lamellated sucking-disk on top of 



head. discocephaei 



bb. Cranium twisted so that both eyes are on same side of head in adult ; 



dorsal and anal very long; no spines in fins. heterosomata 



aa. Ventrals jugular. 



0. Pseudobranchias present ; spinous dorsal usually long. jugueares 

 00. No pseudobranchias ; spinous dorsal very short. HAPLODOCr 



