EFFECTS OF ALCOHOL 



215 



University, describes many of his own experiments showing the 

 effect of alcohol on animals He trained four selected puppies to 

 retrieve a ball thrown across a gymnasium. To two of the dogs 

 he gave food mixed with doses of alcohol, while the others were 

 fed normally. The ball was thrown to a distance of a hundred 

 feet as rapidly as recovered. This was repeated 100 times each 

 clay for 14 successive days. Out of 1400 times the dogs to which 

 alcohol had been given brought back the ball only 478 times, while 

 the others secured it 922 times. 



Dr. Parkes experimented with two gangs of men, selected to be 

 as nearly similar as possible, in mowing. He found that with one 

 gang abstaining from alcoholic drinks and the other not, the ab- 

 staining gang could accomplish more. On transposing the gangs, 

 the same results were repeatedly obtained. Similar results were 

 obtained by Professor Aschaffenburg of Heidelberg University, 

 who found experimentally that men ^' were able to do 15 per cent 

 less work after taking alcohol." 



Many experiments along the same lines have been made. In 

 typewriting, in typesetting, in bricklaying, and in the highest 

 type of mental work, the result is the same. The quality and 

 quantity of work done on days when alcohol is taken are less than 

 on days when no alcohol is taken. 



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Notice that the curve of efficiency is lowest on Monday and that crimes and 

 accidents are most frequent on Sunday and Monday. Account for this. 



The Relation of Alcohol to Efficiency. — We have already seen 

 that neither is work done as well nor is as much accomplished by 

 drinkers as by non-drinkers. 



Some relation of alcohol to efficiency is shown by the above chart, 



