SUMMARY 267 



number of diseases which ought to be stamped out of existence 

 and will be when our knowledge of them is greater. The symp- 

 toms of disease are caused mainly by the products of bacterial 

 activity, each species of bacteria forming its own specific toxins. 

 Tuberculosis, diphtheria, pneumonia, influenza, and most children's 

 diseases are transferred through mouth sprays, though there are 

 other methods of transfer. Typhoid fever, once very prevalent, is 

 transferred by milk, water, uncooked vegetables, and by human 

 carriers. There are many other bacterial diseases, such as tetanus, 

 septic sore throat, and other types of streptococcus infection. 



Problem Questions 



1. What is disease? 



2. Why are bacteria said to exist " anywhere, but not everywhere "? 



3. Why is sterilization necessary in preparing culture media for the growth 

 of bacteria? 



4. Name various forms of bacteria. Can bacteria move? 



5. What conditions are most favorable for bacterial growth ? Which are 

 most unfavorable? 



6. What is pasteurization ? What method is best and why? 



7. What are the most valuable disinfectants and why? 



8. What are the different methods of " taking " a germ disease? 



9. Why is tuberculosis said to be ^' a poor man's disease "? 



10. What are the best methods of fighting tuberculosis ? Is state aid wise ? 

 If so, why? 



11. Is it possible to prevent taking typhoid? 



12. What would you say was the most dangerous germ disease and why ? 



Problem and Project References 



Hunter, Laboratory Problems in Civic Biology. American Book Company. 



Broadhurst, Home and Community Hygiene. J. B. Lippincott Company. 



Broadhurst, How We Resist Disease. J. B. Lippincott Company. 



Burnet, Microbes and Toxins in Nature. G. P. Putnam's Sons. 



Conn, Bacteria, Yeasts and Molds in the Home. Ginn and Company. 



Conn, Story of Germ Life. D. Appleton and Company. 



Coulter, Barnes, and Cowles, A Textbook of Botany, Vol. I. American Book 



Company. 

 Frankland, Bacteria in Daily Life. Longmans, Green and Company. 

 Hough and Sedgwick, The Human Mechanism. Ginn and Company. 

 Hutchinson, Preventable Diseases. Houghton Mifflin Company. 

 Lee, Scientific Features of Modern Medicine. Columbia University Press 

 Rosenau, Preventive Medicine and Hygiene. D. Appleton and Company. 



