4 guldenstadt's redstart. 



2. HwmicolcB, Erclsanger. — Ground Warblers. 



3. Philacanthce, Grasmiicken. — Hedge Warblers. 



4. Dumeticolce, Strauclisanger. — Bush Warblers. 



5. Phyllopseustce, Laubsanger. — Leaf Warblers. 



6. PolyglottcB, Spotter. — Mockers. 



7. Calamodytce, Robrsanger. — Reed Warblers. 

 The RuticillcB or Red-tails, have long slender legs, 



tolerably long wings, and somewhat rounded tails, which 

 are rusty or fox red, except the two middle ones. The 

 males, and females, and young differ in plumage. 

 Moult only once, and that during harvest. 



Sylvia erythrogastra is an inhabitant of the Caucasus 

 during the summer, migrating about the end of October 

 to a warmer climate. It was first described by Giil- 

 denstiidt in 1775, and was subsequently confounded with 

 the Motacilla aurorea of Pallas, which is not, however, 

 a European species, and is distinguished from it by 

 the following characters, as given by Schlegel: — First, 

 the two middle feathers in the tail of Aurorea are 

 black and not brown red. Second, the white mirror 

 of the wings occupies the secondary quills to the 

 eighteenth. Third, Aurorea is altogether smaller, the 

 total length being six inches j the wings three inches 

 one line; tail two inches eight lines; tarsi eleven lines; 

 middle toe six lines; and the hinder toe three lines. 



According to Giildenstadt the manners and habits of 

 this Warbler are similar to the rest of the family, ap- 

 proaching nearest to those of the Common Redstart. 

 It lives on the shores of rivers, and is not a shy bird. 

 It feeds on insects, and berries of the Hippophcs 

 rham?toides , in which also it builds its nest with grass. 

 Nothing seems to be known about its eggs. 



The figure which we have given of this bird is from 

 Count Miihle's monograph, and is a copy of the speci- 



