RED-THROATED PIPIT. 161 



where, I believe, it not unfrequently occurs in its autumnal 

 migration." 



MiddendorfF expressly states that the bird he describes 

 is the same as that of Keyserling and Blasius; and Mr. 

 l^ewton's species is evidently that described by Midden- 

 dorfF, as 31. cervinus. The male bird figured by the 

 latter is less spotted on the breast, and the cheeks are 

 more covered with russet. 



Middendorff remarks, "This bird was found in both 

 north and south Siberia. I shot a female in the Stonowoj 

 mountains, on the 26th. of May, consequently not on 

 the passage. The rust-yellow of the Siberian specimen 

 has a somewhat violet tint, (very similar to the colour 

 on the breast of tlie Turtle Dove;) it covers the cheeks 

 near the eyes, the throat, flanks, neck, and upper part 

 of the breast. It is only found in this plumage from 

 May to July. These colours are on the upper part of 

 the breast, sharply bordered with whitish yellow; on 

 the belly, pencilled blackish spots. The back is very 

 dark, without reddish or yellowish tints, but the narrow 

 border of the feathers is whitish or greenish grey. The 

 four first wing primaries are of almost equal length, 

 and nearly as long as the longest tertial, as pointed out 

 by Keyserling and Blasius. The inner half of the white 

 outermost tail feather brownish, and there is a pointed 

 three-cornered white patch on the tip of the inner web 

 of the second feather; the rest of the tail feathers are 

 black brown. When fresh the upper part of the beak 

 was dark horn-colour; the under mandible at the point 

 the same, but at its root light yellow; iris, dark chesnut 

 brown; tarsus and toes brighter than iris, but the soles 

 of the feet orange yellow." 



The adult male sent to me by Mr. jSTewton, and 

 marked "Nyborg, July 3-4, 1855, J. W. & N.," agrees 



