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GRALLATORES. 



Fa7nily SCOLOPACIDJE. (Bonaparte.) 



Genus Totanus. ( Temminch.) 



Generic Characters. — Beak as long as, "or longer than the 

 head, straight, rarely curved, soft at the base, hard and solid 

 at the point, compressed in its whole length, ending in a sharp 

 point; the two mandibles furrowed only at their base; the 

 extremity of the upper mandible slightly bent upon the lower 

 at the point. Nostrils lateral, linear, longitudinally split in 

 the furrow. Legs long, slender, naked above the knee; three 

 toes in front and one behind; the middle toe united to the 

 external one by a membrane as far as the first and sometimes 

 the second articulation. Often there is a rudimentary mem- 

 brane attached to the inner toe; rarely a half web. Wings 

 middle sized; the first primary the longest. 



MARSH SANDPIPER. • 



Totanus stagnatilis. 



Totanus stagnatilis, Bechstein; Wat. Deut., 1802. 



Scolopax totanus, Linnjetjs; S.F., 1758. 



Tringa guinetia, Pallas. 

 Chevalier stagnatile, or 



Chevalier a longs pieds, Of the Feench. 



Telch-Wasserlaiifer, Of the Germans. 



Piro-Pii^o Oamhe Lunghe, Savi. 



Specific Characters. — Beak long and thin; tail white; the upper 

 lyer of feathers barred transversely in zigzags with brown; the 



