naumann's ti-irush. 205 



question of its specific difference, and tliat Janbert's 

 figures must be referred to T. fuscatus, wliicli bird will 

 therefore have to be admitted separately into the Euro- 

 pean fauna, thus allowing the figure given in my first 

 volume to stand as the representative of that bird. 



The following is translated verbatim- from JSTaumann's 

 account of T. naumanni: — 



"This prettily marked bird is, when full grown, 

 adorned with such marked and beautiful colours that it 

 cannot easily be mistaken for another bird. Even the 

 young bird has much to distinguish it. In the markings 

 of the head and the red underwings it resembles the 

 Redwing, and in the colour of the back and the breast 

 it is like the Fieldfare, yet it is so decidedly distinct 

 from these, as from all known common birds of this 

 family, that any one may at the first glance take it 

 for a peculiar species. 



In form it is like the Eedwing, but the tail is a 

 little longer, and in size the bird is intermediate between 

 the Eedwing and Fieldfare. Its length is nine inches 

 and a half; wings, when spread, sixteen inches; the 

 rather straight tail three inches and a half to three 

 inches and three quarters, and the wings at rest reach 

 scarcely to the middle of the tail. The beak resembles 

 that of the Fieldfare, it is weaker in proportion; upper 

 mandible slightly curved, from five eighths to three 

 fourths of an inch long, and blackish. The somewhat 

 shorter under mandible is at the gape reddish yellow, 

 yet the beak in the old birds is much yellower, and 

 this extends over a great part of the upper mandible. 

 The nostril is longish and oval. The rictus is garnished 

 by some stiff* bristles. The angle of the mouth yellow; 

 cere reddish grey, and in the old birds in spring yellow; 

 iris dark brown; feet as in other Thrushes; toes blackish, 



VOL. IV. 2 D 



