Aue. 7, 1884] 
around and around—landing net—belly up—see him gas 
lift him in—twenty minutes—three pounds—A-h-b-h!!! 
Wasn't that a glorious fight. That’s the way bass do when 
the proper bait is used—and ‘‘Kingfisher” catches one in four 
or seven days. 
The other fellow puts on the ignoble worm, and day after 
day the fish are causht. But it is not. to be supposed that they 
make any fuss about it. Oh, no! They sneak into the boat 
and into the fish box as fast as their legs will carry them. 
Why, certainly! 
_ “Kingfisher” has a right to his frog and one bass to 
balance a week of superb pickerel fishing—certainly! But 
E submit 1f these views of just wnat should or should not be 
done are not sometimes far-fetched, : 
Pardon me for saying that L believe I have caught as 
much weight of black bass as “Kingfisher,” I prefer the 
minnow, but when minnows won’t do, and J want bass and 
sport, a frog, or phantom miunow or plebeian worm will 
answer. 8. 
SALT-WATER FISHING, 
Editor Forest and Stream: 
Some weeks since one of your correspondents complained 
of the few referencesin your columns regatding salt-water 
fishing, In the past I contributed many articles on this sub- 
ject, and will furnish another, based on the recent experience 
of my piscatorial friend, A. J. Pryor, of this city. If your 
Correspondent is desirous of indulging in the perfection of 
sali-water fishing, Jei him Yisit this city and he will find 
disciples of Old Izaak, who will direct hini to points where 
he will become surfeited with piscatorial sport. 
Mayport is situated on the St. Johns River, about two 
miles from the ocean. One mile up the river from Mayport 
is ‘‘Mile Point,” a noted *‘drop” for channel bass. Two 
weeks since, P. anchored near the point, and ina short time 
landed two drum weighing 40 pounds, next a channel bass 
weighing 83 pounds, and soon after another tipping the 
scales at 45 pounds. To keep his fish alive, P. attaches every 
four feet large ringed hooks to a stout cotton line. As soon 
as his captures are unhooked, he passes one of the cod hooks 
through the upper jaw and allows them to tow astern, In 
this way he keeps large fish alive for a lengthened period, 
A hungry shark captured drum No.1. As No. 2 was a 
stranger, he took himin, As soon as these were comforta- 
bly disposed of, he appropriated the 38-pound bass. P. 
deemed it advisable to secure bass No, 2, and proceeded to 
pull him in, but before this was accomplished the shark 
seized aut amputated the tail half of the fish, and P. secured 
his half. , 
Disgusted with the conduct of the shark, P. hauled up 
anchor. and beat a retreat to a point about one-eighth of a 
mile further up stream, He anchored, baited his hook with 
a piece of mullet, and by the time his sinker reached the 
bottom he was rewarded with a lusty bite, and as he failed 
to hang the fish, he pulled up his Jine and found that the 
snood had been cut off above the hook. To circumvent the 
eritter, P. took a piece of stout copper wire six feet long, and 
doubled it four times, making a snood eighteen inches long, 
He attached a large ringed hook to one end, and his line to 
the other, He baited his hook with a piece of bass No, 2. 
The bait descended to the bottom, and the result was a bite 
and a yank. There was arush, and in a moment traction 
ceased. An examination revealed the fact that the line had 
been cut off above the wire, 
Becoming disgusted with the one-sided business, P. made 
a Jonger wire snood, and baited with a piece of bass. The 
bait had scareely disappeared beneath the surface before it 
Was appropriated, and he answered the summons with a 
terrific yank. The captive started off with a full head of 
steam, P. up anchor, and after a lively tow of some min- 
utes, the fish started downstream, P. hauled in his line 
until only about forty feet was out, and seizing his oars he 
beached his boat above Mile Point, and succeeded in coaxing 
_ the overloaded fish into shallow water, where he grounded, 
P, kept a taut line, seated himself on the edge of the marsh 
grass, and like patience seated an a monument he watched 
aud waited until the ebb tide left the man-eater high and dry. 
With a hatchet he dispatched his stranded foe, which meas: 
ured ten feet in length. An autopsy revealed the fact that 
the fish had appropriated two drum, one channel bass, the 
tail half of another, a mullet hait, a bass bait, one copper 
snood and two large hooks; the aggregate weight of the 
meal being about 96 pounds, As evidence that this is 
not a fish story I inclose a tooth taken from the mouth of the 
shark. AL FRESCO. 
JACKSONVILLE, Fla., Aug. 1. 
BUILDING FISHWAYS, 
\ ITHIN the past year there has been great activity 
throughout the Eastern States in building fishways. 
It has taken a long time to convince the public that those 
living above dams haye rights that dam owners are bound to 
respect, and also that the fishes which are seeking upper 
waters to Spawn must reach them or become scarce or ex- 
tinct. Judging by the number of fishways built last year and 
those now building, or contracted for, we believe that the 
benefits to be derived from a properly constructed fishway 
are much better understood than they were ten years ago. 
This may be due in part to the increased knowledge of the 
rights and needs of both the people and the fishes, What- 
ever may be the cause, it isa fact that the building of fish- 
ways has increased greatly, and within the next ten years it 
is safe to prophesy that there will be one over every dam in 
this country where 2 fishway is desirable. ; 
The McDonald Fishway Company, of Washington, already 
haye so many orders for building fishways on hand that they 
have declined to contract for more at present, and Col. 
McDonald is absent putting up works in Scotland, New 
Jersey wants several and is negotiating with the company for 
them; New York wants more on the Oswego and Salmon 
Yivers, while other States are contemplating building new 
ones or substituting the McDonald way for older patterns. 
The plans for the large fishway at the Great Falls of the 
Potomac have been accepted, and work will soon begin on 
the monster fishway under Government engineers. 
New York needs fishways on the upper Hudson in order 
that the fish may ascend not only to spawning but also to 
feeding grounds. The million young shad placed at Glens 
Falls by the United States Fish Commission last spring will 
find feeding grounds that are unoccupied by their species, 
and therefore will not find competitors in the struggle for 
life, and as the sbad originally ascended the Hudson as fur 
as Miller’s Falls they might do so again if suitable fishways 
were provieed. A good fishway benefits those below the 
dam as well as those above, and no person or corporation 
should be allowed to bar the ascent of fish in a great river, 
— 
= ge TF a —_— =< — 
-FOREST AND STREAM. 
or small one either, in order that he or they may make 
money. Certainly the State of New York should build a 
broad fishway over its dam at Troy, which was constructed 
to furnish water for canal navigation. 
Tt is to be hoped that the McDonald Fishway Company 
will increase its facilities for building ways and keep pace 
with the demand. It is young and will no doubt grow so 
that it will seek business instead of declining contracts for 
want of workmen. It may seem rather late to advocate the 
building of fishways, but fhere are persons who have not 
yet fully realized the advantages to be derived from them. 
THe CorryHunk Cius.—This striped bass club, which 
owns the island near New Bedford, Mass., from which it 
takes its name, has had fair success this season, but has not 
taken as many or as large fish as in former years, On the 
boat up I met Judge H. P. McGown, of the club, and the 
chairman of the committee of arrangements of the National 
Rod and Reel Association, who showed me the following 
memorandum of his catch: July 19, three fish of 164, 64, 52. 
No fish were taken again until the 29th, when the Judge took 
one of 54 pounds, The next day he took the largest catch 
of the season, a “Junker” of 48 pounds, and one of 64 
pounds. On Aug, i he captured three of 14, 104, 54, while 
on the same day other members took fish of 162, 29 pounds. 
Again on the 2d he took fish of 132 and 54 pounds. The 
large fish of 48 pounds measured 49 inches in length, 30 
inches in girth, and spread of tail id inches. The best indi- 
cations for bass were observed about July 15, when a mem- 
ber of the club observed severai bass rise to the ‘‘chum” 
thrown in, thus showing that there were not only fish left in 
Vineyard Sound but that they were hungry. Coming down 
on the Fall River boat I met Mr. Fred Mather who had been 
the guest of the Pasque Island Club for the past week and 
he reported the fishing poor. The largest bass taken at 
Pasque for the week included between July 21 and 26, was 
174 pounds, which was taken by Mr. W. H, Phillips. The 
bass had not been biting at Pasque Island and he had not 
had much success. Since writing the above I have seen the 
following in the New York Local Reporter, headed ‘The 
Ninth District Court on Deck”: ‘‘Judge McGown, who is 
spending bis vacation at Cuttyhunk, made the largest catch 
of the season, landing a bass that weighed 48 pounds, there- 
by winning the diamond hook presented by the Cuttyhunk 
Club to the member catching the largest fish of the season. 
Judge McGown has expressed the fish home, and it will 
arrive this morning, when the clerks and attaches will as- 
semble in solemn conclave at the Judge’s house on Madison 
avenue to iuspect the great catch of their honored chief.”— 
PoxKn-0-MOONSHINE. 
WEAKFISHING AT Barnnecat.—Weakfishing is better at 
Barnegat than at any other point on the New Jersey coast, 
and the fish run larger, Abreast of Clam Island your corres- 
pondent had the best of sport with very large fish when the 
tide began to run in, but as soon as the water rose high 
enough to let them out on the flats the fun ceased. Soft 
shell erabs and shedders was the fayorite bait, and nothing 
else would be touched at this point. On the main fishing 
grounds between Barnegat Island and Barnegat village the 
weaktish touk shrimp well all through the day and the catches 
Were enormous, Sea bass were not being fished for during 
the week, as all the bottom fishermen were sheepsheading, 
many of which are being caught at or about the inlet, It 
would be useless to attempt to give the number of fish 
taken by the different boats that started from Barnegat. vil- 
lage last week. The count was enormous, and not one 
party returned unsatisfied with the catch. Capt. Lew 
Mitchell, of the village, is one of the most attentive baymen 
of the place, and gave us all the sport desired. I do not 
stale this to advertise him, as he has all he can do, his time 
being monopolized by one party succeeding another, I 
mention him, however, as the best man to engage if he can 
be secured.—Homo, 
Juny Fisnoxe At Mippue Dam,—Angler’s Retreat, Mid- 
dle Dam, Me., July 27.—ditor Forest and Stream: The 
fishing at this place this month has been almost equal to that 
in the spring. Many people have been here since the first 
of the month, and all have had a good catch of fish. Among 
several of the later visitors were Mr. Charles Sturdevant and 
sister, who took a very handsome string of trout averaging 
about a pound each; Mr. Chas. H. Ouem and wife, from 
Baltimore, Md., fished mostly at the pond in the river, and 
took in one day twenty-four trout that weighed twenty-eight 
pounds. Messrs, A, G. Bonsall and John A. Hayes, of 
Philadelphia, carried home thirty-two pounds of trout, one 
of which weighed five pounds, and two others respectively 
two and three pounds each. Another gentleman took one 
of three pounds, and several others yesterday, and also had 
a good eatch to-day. The continued cool weather seems to 
affect the fishing very favorably, and those of your readers 
who were not enabled to take their customary spring fishing 
trip, would do well to pay u visit to the Middle Dam at this 
time, and spend a week or two at the Angler’s Retreat.— 
SPECKLED TROUT. 
TENNESSEE.—Savannah, July 31.—The Klaw Hammer A. 
A. returned from their third excursion this season on last 
Friday. Owing to reports of large bass being seen by the 
natives, they concluded to encamp four miles above their 
usual location, Results proved the move a good one. Many 
fine bass were taken. The three largest were caught by Mr. 
B®. Cherry, and weighed four and a half, five and six pounds 
respectively. The six-pounder was of the small-mouthed 
species (Mier'opteris salmoides) and measured tweuty-eight and 
a half inches in length. He was very game and resisted 
capture, making mauvy leaps from the water, yielding only 
after 1 long struggle. This is the largest bass of either 
species that has been caught in Horn Creek for ten years 
past, At present, much ruin is falling and the creek is high 
and muddy.— WIL. 
CHATEAUGAY Laxn, N. Y., July 29.—Last week Game 
Protector Liberty employed a man to go to Chateaugay Lake 
to watch a female fish poacher, who for years had defied the 
law in many ways, but more by continually drawing a seine. 
The detective went to the good fishing grounds as an inva- 
lid and summer boarder. After a few days the lady of 
the house proposed to her daughters and farm help to get 
some fish. The net was drawn, the fish were counted by the 
detective, and Mrs. B. was compelled to pay between sixty 
and seventy dollars fine. On the 11th of August the people 
interested will meet at Mrs. Ralph's to organize a game and 
fish protective society. Mrs. B and cthers will have to use 
their nets and seines for lawn tennis or mosquito nets,—OLD 
GUIDE, 
29 
THe Larerst Brack Bass Yet.—A black bass was 
caught in Greenwood Lake, Aug. 1, by Mr, H, Folsom, of 
Orange, N. J., with Ben Hazen as guide. It was an Oswego, 
or large-mouth bass, weighing 74 pounds, post-office weight; 
that is, he barely raised the beam at 74, but overweighed the 
notch lower, so he was entitled to a record of 74 pounds, as 
he was not weighed for several hours after being taken from 
the water, This is said to be the largest bass. ever caught in 
that lake, and is larger than any bass we ever heard of being 
caught elsewhere. He was taken with a light rod and reel, 
casting with small bait, which may have suited his appetite 
better than a larger one, for when we opened him we found 
inside of him a yellow perch (very little digested) that meas- 
ured from end of nose to the tip of the tail 114 inches, There 
have been a great many large bass taken from this lake this 
season, but this caps them all, and gives to Greenwood Lake 
the palm for bass fishing.—MicrorTprus. [This is cer- 
tainly a large fish of this species to be taken so far north. 
In Florida, however, they grow up to nearly twice the 
weight given. The National Museum has a cast of a Florida 
big-mouth which weighed 14 pounds, a copy of which may 
be seen in the office of Mr. B. G. Blackford, Fulton Market. ] 
“NESSMUK” In Favor.—Norwich, Conn., July 25.—I 
have just received your paper of this week, and your letter 
from ‘‘Nessmuk” leads me to.say in opposition to the criticism 
of the Evening Post, that a lady of refinement, after reading 
his excellent book, said ‘‘Nessmuk’s”’ appearance on the title 
page of bis book, combined with his description of bringing 
the cool water to the sick children, fully made up for any 
woods eccentricity in the way of toilet articles, -Unoas, 
Miynesora.—Pillsbury.—As usual, fishing is superb, I 
4m just returned from a two days’ camp at Long Lake, where 
mnyself and three companions caught fully three hundred 
pounds of bass, walleyed pike and pickerel, one of the latter 
measuring thirty-nine inches in length, seven and a half in 
depth, and weighing seventeen pounds. Visiting brethren 
can find fair accommodations at a reasonable price.—J. 
FRANK Locks, 
InprAna.—Fairland, July 30.—Fishing in this part of 
Indiana is almost destroyed. The dynamite fiend is abread 
in the land, night and day, seven days in the week, and the 
‘‘ventieman with the net,” as “M. W. R.,” of Denver, 
formerly of Indianapolis, happily expresses it, may always 
be found wandering along the streams,—C. W. W. 
WE NEVER OFFERED Such A PRize.—Chardon, O., July 
29,—Haditor Forest and Stream: I have been informed that 
in a recent issue of your paper there was a reward offered of 
quite a large sum fora black bass that would weigh more 
than six and one-fourth pounds,—A. D. D. 
THe ANGLERS’ ASSOCIATION OF THE ST. LAWRENCE 
Riven held the first annual meeting at Olayton, N. Y., yes- 
terday, and to-day the members and their friends are going 
on an excursion on the steamer Island Belle, to picnic on 
St. John’s Island. 
Hisheulture, 
NOTES ON LAND-LOCKED SALMON. 
[A. paper read before the American Fishcultural Association. ] 
By Charles G. Atkins, 
NOMENCLATURE AND RANGE. 
THE term “land-locked salmon,” though it may be, and 
probably is, a misnomer so far as it implies any forci- 
ble detention of sea-going salmonin fresh water, has come to be 
generally accepted as applicable to all those salmon of Eastern 
North America and of Europe that pass their entire livesin fresh 
water. They are all, according to the most recent conclusions 
of our American ichthyologists, members of the great species, 
Salmo salar, the commonriver salmon of the tributaries of the 
North Atlantic, In America they are found in a number of 
restricted localities, of which, besides several in the Canadian 
provinces, there are four in the State of Maine, namely: first, 
the waters of the St. Croix; second, of one branch of Union 
River, Hancock county; third, of Sebee River, a tributary of 
the Penobscot; and fourth, of Lake Sebago and tributaries in 
Cumberland county. 
The results of some inquiries that I have made relative to 
the salmon of lakes Champlain and Ontario indicate that 
these, also, should be added to the list, though I believe that 
the salmon of Lake Champlain are now extinct, 
I have little knowledge of the salmon of any of these locali- 
ties, but those in the State of Maine, and their descendants in 
other States, and any general remarks I may have oceasion 
to make must be understood as apphkying especially to them. 
A COMPARISON WITH ANADROMOUS SALMON. 
To the anatomy of the land-locked salmon J have girvennone 
but the most superficial attention, and am not able to say 
whether there exist any distinguishing marks by which they 
may be unerringiy separated from the normal Salmo salar, or 
from each other. The general impression made upon the fish- 
culturist who views them in their separate haunts is that the 
external difference of form and color are sufficient to enable 
him easily to separate those of the several districts should they 
be presented in a promiscuous heap, but I confessthat I should 
not dare to indicate the points of difference; and granted thati 
the impression of dissimilarity is correct, 1t sill remains in 
doubt whether when bred m other waters, either variety 
will retain its peculiarities, 
However, when we came to place the land-locked salmon of 
either district by the side of the normal form of Salmo salar, 
and to include in our survey other than anatomical features, 
there are not wanting data for an interesting comparison, 
In the first place, we find a general resemblance in form and 
color. The young fry are so closely alike that the eye fails to 
separate them if mixed together. Asthey grow we find further 
that the reproductive functions of the males are in both forms 
active at a very early stage, while yet in what is knownas the 
parr-stage, marked externally by the presence of bright red 
spots and dark transverse bars or “finger-marks” upon the 
sides; and at Grand Lake Stream may be observed several 
other stages of growth closely seers those of the migra- 
tory salmon, The adults have identical habits in the spawn- 
ing season, and thesame remarkable external changes take 
place in the adult males at that season of the year—the deep- 
ening of the body, the depp tiene of the eae the curving of 
the jaws, the growth of the wonderful hooked bony process 
on the tip of the lower jaw, the assumption of brighter colors 
—though these changes are generally not quite so marked in 
the land-locked as in the anadromous varieties. The color of 
the flesh is also the same, and there is a similarity, though not 
an identity of flavor. , . 
On the other hand, we find certain well-marked differences, 
Some things favor the theory of an arrested development. 
For instance, the dark bars on the sides, which are very prom- 
inent marks in the young fish, but entirely disappear in the 
