“Sper, 4, 1884.] 
fo one vessel any change of coursa less than five points by the other, 
and allowa wide margin of discretion in Choosing the change of 
eourse fii order to avoid collision. There is only one position of a 
yessel as seen f'om another in which, by the present system of lights, 
a chabge of eourge tan be instantly detected, and this is when she is 
pxacily head on. The wonder is that disastrous collisions ave not 
more frequent, t 
dark and hazy nights, and during thick weather, there is no time 
to deliberate on the ™ situation,” even if if were possible to estimate 
the course and speed of the approaching vessel from the time her 
lights are sighted to the moment of danger, The hail of the look- 
out,“ light ho!” under these conditions, in itself creates a neryous 
tension ; the anxiety to follow the rules so as to be right increases ib, 
the impossibility of reconciling the ‘ situation’ ag it is with that 
provi’. “orby the rules, results ina loss of self-confidence; the 
vessels al rapidly approaching ; the momentfor action has arrived; 
the sitnatioh not according with any given in the rules, no rule is ap- 
plicable, and often in sheer desperation the fatal order is given. It 
would be bad enough if this process were confined to one vessel ; but 
there are two vessels, two Heryous undecided men trying their utmost 
to do rightly, if for no othér reason, surely from selfinterest and in 
self-preservation ; each one trying to determine what the other will 
do, for safety depends not on the action of one, but on that of both. 
There is no parallel case on shore. In the case of inrpending rail- 
way collisions there is but one thing to do—stop. ; 
At sea, Underthe present system of ruJes, there are 4 variety of 
possible orders that may avoid collision or hasten it, the situation be- 
ing the same but the speed varying. To stop may be fatal, for im so 
doing you lose control of the vessel, In stormy weather the blinding 
rain and high wind impair the vision and stimulate anxiety, besides 
rendering the vessels more difficult to manage, Instead of denuncia- 
tion, there should besympathy for the men who are unfortunate 
enough to have heen in charge at the moment of collision. The fault 
is Dot theirs; it lies in the established system of lights and rules. 
The remedy is not difficult to find, butit will be difficult to bring 
about. “As to the lights: Instead of carrying red and green sidelights 
and a white masthead light, steamers should carry red and white 
range lizhts forward, so placed that ved will show above white and be 
directly in line when the vessel is coming head on, and white and red 
range lights aft, so placed that white will show above red when the 
vessel is seen-stern on, and all should be visible when the vessel is 
seen exactly broadgide-on only. By this system the slightest change 
of course ¢an instantly be detected by the separation ot approach of 
the lights seen. With the present system no lights are shown att; 
that is to say, there is nothing to mark the position in a dark night of 
8 slow steamer ora sailing vessel from a fast one BE acate from 
behind, as landsmen would say. Many disastrous collisions have oc- 
curred from this defect in the present system. 
The proposed system provides the means of detecting a change of 
course in every possible rélative position of any two or more vessels 
in sight ofeach other. The advantage of having all the lights visible 
when the vessel is exactly abeam is inthe fact that all danger of co)- 
lision has then passed and courses may be resumed without risk hy 
yessels proceéding in opposite directions. Ei is not the purpose of 
this letter to enter into all the details of the proposed system of lights, 
but whoever will take the trouble to make diagrams of vessels in any 
number of positions will find that it furnishes exact information of 
the position aud change of course of an approaching vessel under all 
possible conditions. 
It is impossible, however desirable, to have one hard and fast rule 
for changing course in order to avoid collision; but it is possible ty 
haye four simple rules, easily remembered, that need no confusing 
illustrations, based on false assumptions in order that mariners and 
landsmen should understand them. These rules are as follows: 
First—Whenever a vessel is sighted directly ahead, port your helm. 
Second—Whenever a yessel is sighted on the port side from directly 
ahead to directly astern, port your helm. } 
Third—Whenever a vessel is sighted on the starboard side from 
directly ahead to directly astern, starboard your helm, 
Pourth—These rules must invariably be followed whenever there is 
the least danger of collision and without regard to any change of 
course by the other vessel, 
Any person of ordinary intelligence sufficiently interested in the 
subject, who will take the trouble to draw diagrams of two vessels in 
every conceivable relative position, will find that these rules would 
apply to both vessels under all possible conditions, and that a rigid 
adherence to them would make a collision impossible if the yessels 
are sighted by each other before they are actually in collision. 
Sailing vessels carry the same lights (red and green) as steamers, 
but no masthead light. The green side-light should be abolished and 
white substitnted for it. In misty weather green lights are hardly 
distinguishable from white, even by acute eyes, the reason heing 
that the moistire collects on the lenses and absorbs the green rays, 
leaving only the white to pass through, Color-blindness has varying’ 
degrees ; itis a common thing to Hud mariners who can readily dis- 
binguish red trom white, but hot white from preen, 
The present rules make it the duty of steamers to keep out of the 
way of sailing vessels under all conditions. This is wrong, and is the 
frequeut cause of collision, However inconvenient it may be for a 
Sailing vessel to alter her course, the inconvenience cannot compare 
with tlie necessity of preventing collision. But it is most desirable 
that the two classes of vessels should be easily and instantly recog- 
nized, and the proposed system provides for this by placing the white 
and ved lights one aboye the other for steamers and on the same plane 
for sailing vessels. 
The proposed rules should also apply to sailing vessels ; in fact, 
they are applicable to every possible condition of sleam and sail yes- 
sel. and herein lies their advantage. Henry H. Gorringe, 
a2 Waverley Place, New York City. 
An officer of wide experience writes to the 7imes as follows: 
In connection with the editorials in your columns in regard to the 
collision between the Tallapoosa and a schooner, I would like to fur- 
nish you wilh a few facts, premising that know nothing about the 
special case discussed, and as yet have formed no opinion, knowing 
full well that in nearly all cases of collision the views of the people 
On board of the two yessels are opposite. There are causes which 
tend to produee collision which I have not yet seen referred to, 
among which are first, Article VI, of the Act of Congress, “fixing 
certain rules and regulations for preventing collisions on the water.” 
This article permits ‘small yessels during bad weather” to carry in- 
stead of the ordinary fixed side lights, lanterns which are to have 
slides of the proper colors, viz., red and green, which lanterns are to 
be exhibited on the proper side ‘in sufficient time to prevent colli- 
sion”’ on the approach of any other vessel. The practical working of 
this rule is this: The two limited clauses, ‘‘small vessels’? and ‘‘bad 
weather,’ are left very much to the discretion and judgment of, in 
the first case, the vessel's owner, in the second of her master. Small 
vessels generally carry small crews, and the duty of lookout is fre 
quently intrusted to small boys, who indulge frequently in small 
naps, aud when. by good luck, or bad, as it may turn out, the only 
man sure to he awake, viz., the steersman, discovers a yessel near 
by, and failing, perhaps, to rouse somebody up soon enough, jumps 
himselt to shoye out the light, the small vessel left to her own devices 
naturally yaws considerably, and very much puzzles those on the 
other who are trying lo keep clear of her. 
Then, again, itsometiinss happens that by a blunder the lanterns 
haye not been properly placed, and catching up the presumed to he 
correct one, the light shower exhibits the wrong light, and a col- 
lision is The result, and the steamer, which probably had good look- 
outs, and had obseryed every proper precaution, is held to be to 
blaine. This is nota theory, itis good hard fact, obtained from my 
personal experience, fer 1 command a large steamer that does much 
coasting work, and although I have so far avoided a collision, there 
have been many times when for a few moments things looked doubt- 
ful, But a short time ago on a clear starlight night a vessel with no 
lights was discovered by our lookout « point on ou’ port bow. We 
could miake her out as aschooner, standing so that without changin 
our course we were sure to cross her stern, her port side being towar 
us. Suddenly a facen light was shown us. A dozen of them would 
not haye convinced us that her head sails, which we could make out, 
were aft, so we stood on. Presently the blunder was discovered by 
somebody on board the schooner—probably ‘the old man” had turned 
out—and the proper red light was shown. This vessel, although not 
yery large, was not very small, and the weatker was not bad. Just 
such blunders produce collision, There is a second fruitful source, 
Which is the fact that many side lighis are filled with cheap glass, and 
although there is seldom much difficulty im distinguishing the red 
light however BeGe it may be, itis different with the green, A pale 
green light and a turbid while one look yery much alike ata distance, 
especially if the weather 1s a little hazy, and I have seen green lights 
which I could not bave sworn were not- white ones but for their 
location. White lights are carried only at mastheads, therefore 
naturally higher than the green side light, but between the height 
of a small steamer’s “masthead,” which means the lswer mast, and 
that of the top of the rail of a large sailing ship the difference is 
‘sniall—so small that when seen at such a distance that nothing but 
the light is visible it becomes another uncertain element in the pro- 
blem—a problem to be solved with certaiuty and celerity. 
itis 4 prevailmg impression that steamers only carry white mast- 
head lights. This is an error. Sailing vessels carry them when at 
anchor, and often along our coasbofi harbors schooners waiting for a 
tide anchor with all sail set, aud if head spars cannot be seen if is not 
aiiaye easy to Imow that they are anchored, and pilot ‘*boats,” 
which are generally good-sized schooners, carry the while light at 
masthead while under way. To besure, these are to burn a*'flare,” 
which marks them clearly enough when they burn it, but as this 
ee 
-lisions, but rather to s : 
sides there are chances of collision, that with either party at all care- | 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
occurs but once in fifteen minutes there is ample time between for a | ning gear of the best Hurope and manilla hemp, made by her builders, 
rapid steamer, misled by her light, io steer a course based on error of 
judgment, Ihave wrilten the foregoing not with any intention of 
arguing for or against eifher side in any of the lately reported col- 
ow that with the best of management on both 
less ov not properly outfitted these chances are greatly iacreased, and 
that when after a collision, as is generally the case, all hands on board 
of one vessel swear exactly the opposite to those on the other,it isnot 
necessarily an evidence of perjury ou either side, nor of faulty man- 
agement. Wurther, it sometimes happens that even the best of white 
lights are not perfect. Not long ago, running for the Navesink Lights, 
and about ten miles off, two or three times the haze gave them so de- 
cided a red tinge, although there can be no purer white light than 
they, that had I not been perfectly certam of my position and of the 
true color of the lights I should haye been puzzled, and Iam not in 
the slightest colorblind. SAILOR, 
KNICKERBOCKER Y. C. PENNANT MATCH. 
ee Knickerbocker Y, G. sailed the second of their annual pennant 
matches on Aug. 26, over a course of 12 miles, from the club 
house to Fort Schuyler and back. There was plenty of wind from the 
southeast throughout the race. 
The twelve hoats were divided into eight classes, the Undine in the 
first and Maggie in theseventh having no competitors. Lizzie R , 
fifth class, was the first out to Fort Sehuyler, with Nellie R, and 
Gracie behind her, the latter taking the lead home, with Nellie R. sec- 
ond, The times were: 
FIRST CLASS—OPHN JIB AND MAINSATL YACHTS. 
Start. Finish. Blapsed. Corrected. 
MAGEYRN NOTES 55 Aye Aas gy nets Oy 8 07 54 4 58 08 1 45 09 1 45 09 - 
THIRD CLASS—OPEN JIB AND MAINSAIL. 
ebay 2) SE es Re 3 07 23 4 46 58 1 39 35 1 39 1744 
Watvetsl Pras Anos ee ep on 8 07 41 5 02 39 1 54 58 1 54 58 
FIFTH CLASS—OAT-RIGGED YACHTS, 
Black Hawk. -.. ....--.. 3 07 04 5 19 45 212 41 2 08 41 
LEAT SM Sve a ee 8 02 18 4 49 06 1 46 48 1 46 48 
GUC ES secsyuctnins (onto ~-..2 02 69 4 48 12 1 45 18 1 42 43 
SIXTH CLASS—CAT RIGGED. 
Gilt Edge ... .-_-. ..... 8 02 05 5 22 71 2 20 06 219 26 
Maat, oe). ys ee. se a 5 04 37 2 01 56 2.01 56 
SEVENTH CLASS—CAT-RIGGHD, 
WER ii ace ae Ar ile 8 02 09 5 12 47 2 10 38 210 38 
EIGHTH CLASS—CAT-RIGGED, 
Wet teu eas aes ves aceon 3 03. 36 B 22.05 218 29 218 29 
Tennine ded bee. oA .58 08 16 § 26 37 2.25 21 2 20 5446 
Tonelle........ Perret en- i 3 02 15 5 27 24 2 25 06 2 28 51 
OPEN YACHTS ON THE SOUND. 
a Nise open boat races arranged by the Knickerbocker and Harlem 
Y. 0. for Aug. 25 brought out 32 starters. The course for the 
first four classes was from a mark off Oak Point to and around the 
buoy of Throgg’s Point and home, 10 miles in all, to be sailed twice, 
and for Classes 5 and 6 from the same starting point to College Point 
Buoy, thence to mark boat off Fish Point and return, 15 miles, The 
allowances were: For Classes 1 to 4, 2m. to the foot; for Classes 5 
and 6, 144m. At high water, 1 P. M., the boats were started, the wind 
being from §.E,, making quick work. Oif College Point the Martha 
Munn capsized; but no damage was done. The times of the boats 
were: 
FIRST CLASS. 
Start Finish, Elapsed. Corrected. 
Carrie Van Voorhis.... 1 12 48 4 45 30 3 32 47 8 82 47 
Metamora......... 2.2... 14 50 4 45 50 3 31 00 3.24 40 
H, W. Beecher... ...... 1 11 36 451 06 3 39 30 8 30 10 
HOPG ee sed se seaae asap 1 16 00 4 49°56 3 33 56 819 11 
NASOTOS OS OSS KHER EE Eker 1 14 43 4 49 45 3 35 02 3 18 22 
SECOND CLASS, 
Nettie Thorp 16 00 4 50 25 3 34 25 3 84 25 
Gracie ..... .. 12 04 4 40 10 3 28 06 3.27 21 
APOSIDLO RAS | eens 12 12 4.49 50 83 87 38 3°36 08 
THIRD OLASS. 
Mane onc eee eee 1 OY 45 
Weir peso ee eee ee 1 O07 57 4 58 32 3 50 35 346 15 
Well-Known ..........:. 1 08 22 5 62 00 3338 38 3 48 28 
PBL pra sao4.poea! 1 08 36 459 04 3 50 28 3 46 18 
Just Woke Up........... 1 OF 47 449 16 3-41 29 3 41 29 
FOURTH CLASS. 
Martha M,............., 1 06 87 Capsized. 
(HISsiGe pone enon ene 1 08 17 5 04 15 355. 58 3 5b 23 
[Oger TMB bITa A ARE Ra an 1 09 30 4 45 55 3°38 25 BB? 25 
White Fawn.........0.. 1 08 24 Not timed. 
(OPV PS nome Tals a 1 09 10 Not timed. 
AACS eee te ree é.1 10 40 4 51 14 3 41 05 3 89 45 
FIFTH CLASS. 
RERSIO, gfe laaia-c faces: 1 01 40 Blof OL 251 11 2 49 0714 
Lone Star............. 1 02 04 Did not finish, 
M. J. Gilligan........... 1 02 47 359 il) 2 56 13 2 50 13 
pepe (Ol Oh vim Ow oom SOAS RS ae 1 06 00 
Mageie. sie eesc.u6 osu, 1 06 00 3 49 18 2 43 18 2 87 8514 
BOM To Sey Sena 1 02 27 8 45 21 2-42" 5a. 286 h4 
SIXTH CLASS. 
MEV Tie el eile ona Aan 1 04 08 4 03 26 2 59 18 2 59 18 
CLOTHE Vie tennenre. anole 1 02 50 4 01 12 2 58 22 2 57 5914 
Little Deane....... ..... 1 03 43 83 38 10 2 44 37 2 43 42 
VOUS At ae eye ss oes 1028 3 52 38 2 50 30 247 3714 
UGG OW ne AA? Ae een 1 08 17 4 07 56 3 04 39 2 58 5794 
SPHCTAL PRIZE. 
QO. R. Phenes......,,---. 1 13 50 4 51 17 3 87 27 3 87 27 
Jennié Willis, .-_...,..,..1 15 15 441 20 3 28 05 3 23 25 
Vixen wins first in class one, $40; Emma ©. second, $20 In second 
class. Gracie, $40, Nettie Thorp $20: third class, Just Woke Up, $25, 
Daisy $15; fourth, Gold Dust $25, Adele $15; fifth, Bon Ton $25, 
Maggie $15; sixth, Little Deane $25, Jean $15. In the special class 
Jennie Willis takes first, Orlando R. Phenes second. Gracie wins the 
pennant for best time over the course, and Bon Ton takes a similar 
prize over the short course. 
THE MARGUERITE, 60-TON CUTTER. 
f(s name of Inman is & weil-known one in the yachting circles of 
England and oftentimes is taken as sufficient guarantee that the 
yessel you are about te buy is a good one inevery respect, Yearsago 
Inman turned out the principal revenue cruisers of the day for the 
British government, and at the same time was building yachts of 
eyery description and tonnage, As builders of the Alarm, Lulworth, 
Albertine, Rosalind, Flying Cloud and other noted racers, they rep- 
resent a name for fast yachts and itis still well sustained in their 
recent productions, yiz.; Somoena, 90-ton cutter; Amethea, 20 tons; 
Silver Star, 40 tons; although the latter vessels were designed by 
Mr, Richardson, naval architect, aS was also the Katie, 10 tons,which 
Inman built in 1582. 
There is now building at Lymington a craft which will be looked 
after with anxious ¢yes by the rating men of the English yachting 
fraternity, as her tonnage is at the present time unusual for a raver 
and will enable her, it is hoped, to save her time well off her larger 
eonipetitors and give the go-by to the d0-tonnersin the next class, 
when they are matched against her. This yacht is a 60-ton cutter, 
Y.R. A, measurenient, her dimensions being, we are told, 74ft. L.W.L, 
by i8ft. 6in. beam, and draft of water 12ft. bin. She is of composite 
construction, yiz.: “ith steel framing and deck beams, and as we 
saw her in frameshe looked to be an exceedingly strong boat, her 
diagonal tie plates, and outside plating being well put together and 
calculated ita a nicety for the strength of the job. Her outside 
planking is of teak and American elm, fastened to the framing with 
forged metal nul aud screw fastenings. 
Her deck is of selected yellow pine, in narrow widths, the widest 
lank hot being nore than 3in., while a portion of the deck forward 
in the wake of her capstan and chain fittings is of teak. ‘The skylight, 
companion, hatchings, etc., are of teak, bulwarks and stanchions of 
the same material, rail of American elm. The bulwarks are excep- 
tionally low for a yacht of her tonnage, being only about 10in. 
Probably the most interesting point of the whole job is the lead 
keel which is being fitted to the yacht. This steadier is about 55 tons 
in weight, and is shaped to the bottom of the yacht. It is a most sat- 
isfactory job, and was cast-in one mould and then transported to its 
place under the vessel. It is fastened with diagonal bolts, 2in, in 
diameter, spaced every 19in., and is a credit to the builders, as it is 
probably the largest load keel thet has ever been cast in one mould. 
The yacht is to be coppered well up above the L. W. L, with cold 
rolled copper, and is to he launched early in May, 1845, to be ready 
for the Thames matches in June, The cabin arrangements are yery 
elaborate, and she will be fitted with eyery convenience for cruising 
as wellas racing. They consist of forecastle, pantry, captain’s cabin, 
saloon, steerage cabin, lounge berths, two state cabins and after 
fadies* cabin, two water closets and the usual lavatories, storerooms, 
etc. Under the saloon Hoor is a spacious sailroom, and she has the 
ordinary sailroom abaft the ladies’ cabin, The fittings of the saloon 
and other cabins are of teak and yellow pine polished, and of the 
crew's quarters white pine, varoished bright. She will be manned 
by a picked crew of twelve bands all told. 
Her sails are being made by Lapthorne of Gosport, and the builders 
are to furnish and complete her in every respect ready for sea, The 
spars are of selected Oregon pine, and the standing rigging is of im- 
proved steel wire rope, Blocks all internal iron strapped, and run- 
who are also rope manufacturers. All her fittings for spars, etc,, are 
inadé from the best brands of ivon, exceedingly strong, yet light as 
possible, and all irow work is galvanized, iw 
Her channels and chain plates are of special construction and made 
of steel. and imcrease her spread of rigging some three feet. She 1s 
fitted with one of Cantello’s patent winch capstans, and is proyided 
with good outfit of ground tackle in the shape of anchors, chains, 
and warps. She will have two boats fitted te dayits built of yellow 
ine, and altogether the yacht will be the latest example of an Eng- 
ish racing cutter, 
She is being built to the order of Mr. Foster Connor, of Belfast, Ire- 
Jand (who last season so pluckily sailed the 40-tonner Silver Star), 
from designs furnished by Mr. Alex. Richardson, of Liverpool, and the 
work is being carried out under the superintendence of Mr, Wm. Shel- 
cock, who has recently entered the firm of Inman & Co. as partser, 
after haying been with the firm for twelve years. al 
THE OPEN RACES AT MARBLEHEAD. 
pee open sweepstakes race of the Beyerly Yacht Club at Marble- 
head this year while inferior in point of numbers and size to the 
wonderful turnout of last August, was, nevertheless, a most exciting 
event for spectators and competitors, and important as an Index of 
the condition of yachting in the Hast. The turnout of 79 yachts, trom 
16ft. to 34ft. at the starting line, is one that no other club in the 
gountry can equal, The state of the weather may be judged from the 
many disasters reported, but it speaks well for the sailormen that 
nearly all, except those whose yachts were completely disabled, went 
over the course, and the shaking up that some of them received, will, 
no doubt, bear good results in stouter gear and ironwork, stronger 
boats, and a more substantial equipment generally. Shadow again 
| leads first class, Hera was not in, and Lillie takes first; Bessie has 
first place, as last year; the second class centerboards did not fill as 
well, Hrin bemeg first however, Beetle was not in, and the order of 
last year was considerably changed. Queen Mab takes first instead of 
fourth place, Banneret came home minus her mast, Vesper wins 
again in the small keels, As far as a comparison of speed can be 
made between keel and centerboard boats in the various classes, the 
difference is rather in favor of the board, but isso slight as to amount 
to nothing compared with the advantages on the side of the keel boat, 
while as the latter ave more numerousand better known, we may ex- 
pect still further improyements in them. 
While the aggregate value of the fleet will foot up toa pretty heavy 
sum, the average cost of the boats composing it is but small, well 
within the means of many young men with time and taste lor yacht- 
ing, but who do not take it up because they do not know what is 
within their reach, The small clubs about Boston offer to such an 
excellent opportunity to enjoy the sport te the fullest extent ata 
reasonable cost, and the increase of small safe craft show that some 
at least appreciate the opportunity. In New York as yet there is but 
little encouragement for such craft but we hope some day to see a 
fleet go out of the Narrows that will put eyen Marblehead Bay in the 
shade. Those who have taken part in the arrangements for eyen a 
small race will appreciate the amount of labor which such a contesr 
as this brings to a regatta committee, and we congratulate them on 
the successful result of their efforts. 
We are indebted for the following account to our correspondent, 
“Blue with a Gold Castle: 
Ttseemed asif the weather would spoilthe race, The 29th was 
cloudy, fozgy and rainy, and the 30th opened with alight east wind 
and a pouring rain. However, the rain stopped about 8 A. M., the 
wind went round to 5.W. and increased rapidly in foree, and although 
it was cloudy and threatening all day long, the weather was satisfac- 
tory to all lovers of a breeze. 
The race being a sweepstakes, it was not expected that the entry 
would be very large, and no attempt was made to rival the races of 
79, 82. and °83. Some 50 starters were expected, and when 79. boats 
crossed the line in a smashing breeze, the club felt very well satisfled. 
By the kindness of Mr. M. K. Abbott, the Addie, of the Hasiern and 
Beverly clubs, was occupied by the judges, and was stationed directly 
opposite the B. Y. C. house, the starting line being outside her. 
The preparatory gun was fired exactly at 12, the advertised time, 
ali the others following on the second given in the notice; by this time 
it was blowing quite hard from §.W., and outside a lively wind sea 
was getting up at right angles to a heavy swell, the reminder of last 
week’s east winds. 
The course in first class was as follows: Wrom starting point, leay- 
ing black buoys Nos, 5. and 3 on starboard hand, Half-Way Rock on 
starboard hand, Whistling Buoy off the Graves on starboard hand, 
Pig Rock stakes, Roaring Bull, Tinker’s Island, Tom Mowore’s Rock 
ane black buoys Nos. 3 and 5 on port hand, to judges’ yacht, 20% 
niles, 
By this time the harbor was ful! of boats, including large numbers 
present as spectators, among them the steamer Ibis, the Priscilla, 
Active, Carolme, Edith, Thetis and many other large yachts; the ex- 
cursion steamer Plymouth Rock, and three or four tug boats as well 
as several steam launches. 
Your keels and as many centerboards were entered in first class, but 
it was generally supposed that at least one of the cracks, the Mapic, 
would not start. as the wind was thought to be too much for her. The 
old favorite, Shadow, was first to start at 12:15:57, with Triton sight 
seconds later, then Cygnet reefed down, then Viking, Lillie and gir, ~ 
he Naiad not putting in an appearance. 
Tn second class Transit led off at 12:16:10, with Cricket just astern. 
and the rest in close order behmd; every boat entered in this class 
started except Eva, who was on hand, prepared to race, but whose 
absence from the start was soon explained. A few working topsails 
were carried in this class but some of the boats were reefed, 
The third class gun was fired at 12:25 and at 12:25:19 Kitty led off a 
fleet of ten keels and-as many centerboards, every entry except Rebie 
starting; housed topmasts and reefed sails were the rule in this class, 
which included nearly every crack boat of the size on the bay; this 
was also true of the second class keels, the fourth and fiffh clasyes. 
The fourth class was started at12:35. Joker leading at 12:25:41, 
three seconds ahead of the New York sandbagger Cruiser, who 
started with a single reef in both sails, Amy Crossing four seconds 
behind her. This class comprised twenty-two centerboards and seven 
keels, Wildfire being the only absentee; fully one-third of the boats 
were reefed before starting. Greatinterest was felt in this race te 
see what Cruiser would doin @ breeze, many yachismen feeling con- 
fident that her string of victories would be broken. now that the 
Eastern boats were beginning to get their weather, At 12:45 the fifth 
class, eleyen in number, was sent off, every entry being on hand, 
Mirage leading off at 12:43:17, closely Followed by Flora Lee. 
by the time the little fellows were clear of the harbor, the schooner 
Brenda came in from outside with the Eva in tow, the latter haymg 
broken her gaff, while trying a preliminary spin, The brenda was 
closely followed by the Ibis, towing the sloop Agnes, whose mast had 
gone at the deck and the ROWED at the stem ; then came Banneret 
with her mast broken off two-thirds up, and Kaven minus her bow- 
sprit ; then a white sloop with her mainsail and boom on deck, and 
Kismet with a broken tiller, making it very evident that there was 
plenty of wind aud sea outside. 
The fourth and fifth classes sailed the following course inside 
Beverly Harbor: Leaving black buoy on Selman’s Berth on port; 
black bnoys Nos. 3,5 and fon port; stakeboat off Curtis’ Point on 
starboard; Bowditch’s Ledge Beacon on starboard; red buoy No. 6 
on port, to judges’ yacht, 744 miles, 
Tt was a free run to Curtis’ Point, wind on the quarter to Bowditch’s 
Ledge, and a dead beat back to the starting pomt. Almost every boat 
in fifth class and many in the fourth were reefed before starting, aud 
nearly every cat and sloop in both classes crossed the home line under 
reefs, Thisbe, Psyche. Imogene, Caprice and a few others being the 
exceptions; the cutters all carried full sail. 
Cruiser rounded Bowditeh's with a good Jead, but the minutte¥shé 
hauled in the wind, it was clear thatit was too much for her, and 
soon a catboal went through her Jee, then another and another we 
by, and she wasa beaten boat. Thisbe was happy, the wind 
suited her, and sne went to the front handsomely; but came 
throwing the whole race away by forgetting to leaye No. 60n p 
she was forced to go back and round it, losing ouch valuable tim 
Cruiser did the same thing,as well as Samaria, Mirage, and som 
others, Mirage, who had an easy Jead in her class, threw away 
first place by this oversight. 
Tt was a piece of great carelessness, as No. 6 was plainly printed in 
sailing directions and always has been in this couvse; the very boats 
who made the mistake, except Samaria, having sailed the course fre- 
quently before, always leaving No. 6 to port. 
The finish was very pretty. Jukér came first on port tack with 
Thisbe on her weather quarter. Joker could not weather the stake- 
boat while Thisbe Gould, and it looked as if she had first place, but 
Joker tacked close to the boat, foreed Thisbe round and lufted over 
the line at 2:12:53, six Seconds ahead of Thisbe. Cruiser, who had 
Deen ots better as they approached the weather shore, came next 
at 2i14:7. 
The third class sailed the following course: Leaving black buoys 
Sand 3 on starboard; Half-Way Rock, stakeboat anchored off §, fi. 
breakers, stakeboat off red buoy No.2 0n Gale’s Ledge, Bowditch's 
ies Beacon and red buoy No.6 on port, to judges’ yacht, 10% 
tiles. 
‘This took them outside with the wind on starboard quariér to the 
rock, then almost before it to S$. KH, breaker, where they gybed and ran 
to Gale’s Ledge witha free wind, still oulside but rather under the 
lee of the islands. From Galse’s to Bowditch it was close on the wind, 
and from this pomt home a dead beat across the harbor. 
The favorites in both classes came to grief as soon as they felt the 
