392 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
down the outlet three miles from where it leaves the lakes to 
the mouth of Cold Brook, a stream which has its rise at the 
foot of Ampersard Mountain, and flows in a northerly direc- 
tion into the Saranac River. ~f found here water of superior 
quality, temperature 40 degrees, volume and fall and facilities 
tora dam sufficient, There are spawning beds of brook trout 
hip the creek, hut for lake trout more distant sources must be 
sought, The land here belongs to Mr, M. B, Miller, of Sara- 
nac Lake village. 
From Cold Brook I proceeded by rowboat to the head of 
the lake into and through Round Lake, and by the Bartlett 
carry into the Upper Saranac, one of the largest and most 
beautiful of the Adirondack waters, reaching the Prospect 
House at the head of the lake at 4P.M. The distance from 
Cold Brook is 24 miles, and from the foot of the Lower Saranac 
32 miles. The next morning I examined the outlet of Little 
Clear Pond, two miles east of the Prospect House, and found 
here a place every way adapted to the needs of a large trout 
hatchery. The main stage road from Ausable station to the 
head of Upper Saranac crosses this outlet. The distance to 
Ausable station, the terminus of the Delaware and Hudson 
Coempany’s branch railroad from Plattsburgh, is 40 miles, A 
telegraph line connects with Plattsburgh and with the St. 
Regis waters. 
The water of the stream is sufficient in quantity, quality 
and fall, and has a temperature of 44 des, A few rods below 
the road are extensivespawnine beds of the brook trout which 
run up from Saranac Lake. The Jake itself is but three-quar- 
ters of a mile from the road, and Little Clear Pond less than a 
quarter of a mile above. This pond is excellent trout water, 
and may be made an admirable reservoir for stock fish, if 
needed. It hasan area of 230 acres. Hammond, who first 
visited this water more than thirty years ago, says of it: 
“This little lakelet, if | may be permitted to coin a word, is a 
pertect gem, lying there all alone, skirted by tall forest trees, 
and overlooked by the hills, its waters transparent and cold, 
undisturbed by a ripple, and revealing the white pebbles that 
zlisten away down in its quiet depths.” Two miles east of this 
pond, in sightof the road, is Big Clear Pond, a body of 370 
acres area, which isaccounted the best fishing ground for both 
Jake and brook trout, in this locality. The Big and Little 
Clear ponds, the Upper Saranac and other waters, of eas 
access from.1t, promise an abundant supply of spawn. Facili- 
ee or obtaining lumber and labor for brildine. are close at 
and. 
As a point of distribution, this site possesses obvious advan- 
tages ever any Other visited, as in addition to the great Sara- 
mac waters, any one of forty other lakes and ponds may be 
reached from it, in a day’s time, by water routes, or by roads 
‘or wood paths which may be easily kept open im the winter 
time. These waters cover an area, in the aggregate, of more 
than thirty thousand acres. There areas many more waters 
that may be reached the second day, and all need replenish- 
ing, The lakes smaller than the Saranacs embrace the whole 
het work of waters lying just west of the Upper Saranac, and 
also the St. Regis Lakes, Lake Placid, several lakes in the 
southwest part of Clinton county, and others even beyond the 
Raguette River, which by means of the Sweeney and Corey 
carries at the foot of the Upper Saranac, are brought, within 
easy distalice as regards time and conyenience. Points as ap- 
parently remote as Little Tupper, and the headwaters of 
Beaver River, may be reached from here easier than they 
could be from a station located in the southern part of the 
wilderness. The Chateaugay and Chazy lakes, in Clinton 
connty, can also, by means of the Northern Adirondack Rail- 
way, connected at the north with the Ogdenburg and Cham- 
plain road, and now completed southerly to within eight 
miles of Meacham Lake, be supplied with fry froma hatchery 
here in Jess time and with less risk than from either of the 
present State hatcheries. : 
Most of the land at Little Clear Pond belongs to the State, 
From this point I procesded, still with guide and boat, ten 
miles te the St. Regis waters. Therouteis by the Big Clear 
Pond, whence a good carry of a mile and a hali brings the 
tourist to the upper St, Kegis Lake, and through Spitfire 
Pond into the lower St. Ragis, where stands the famous host- 
lery of Paul Smith, the pioneer of Adirondack hotel keepers 
—a, class of men that do honor to their calling. I wasreceiyed 
by the genial ruler of this woodland realm with all the 
honor due to my mission, and shown the wonders of the 
lace, not the least of which is the hotel garden, Mr. Smith 
as Succeeded literally in making "‘the wilderness blossom as 
the rose.” He showed me with excusable pride crops of celery, 
onions from the seed, cabbages, beats, turnips, Hubbard 
squashes, mammoth radishes and other table vegetables raised 
here, that would have done credit to the latitude of Lons 
Island. Two hundred bushels of green peas had been icked ! killed every year on almost every mile of shore line along the 
the last season, and a succession of cucumbers from June to 
September. Thistoo has been accomplished at an elevation of 
sixteen hundred feet above tide water and on asoil supposed to 
be rich only in the elements of sterility. Enterprise, manure, 
and a liberal supply of water, which is raised by a ram from 
a stream near by to the four acre plateuu on which the gar- 
den is situatea, are what work the miracle. 
i made no examination of the waters at the St. Regis lakes, 
They need restocking, but this can be done almost as readily 
from a station at Little Clear Pond as from one on their own 
waters. Mr. Smith entered warmly ioto the spirit of our 
work, and promises valuable aid and co-operation, which none 
can give better than he, as his nameisa synonym for enter- 
prise and energy in all the wilderness country. 
My next point ot observation was Meacham Lake, to which 
place—a distance of twelve miles—Mr, Smith courteously con- 
veyedine with his spirited team, over a road which, though 
through forest, was good enough most of the way for a trot- 
ting course. This road, it hardly needs to be said, is another 
monument to his enterprise, The only settlement at Meacham 
Lake is the establishment of Mr. A, R. Fulle1, whose hotel, 
consisting of 4 range of tasteful and comfortable cottages, at 
the head of the Jake, is well known to the best class of tourists, 
The lake is a beantitul sheet of water, oval in form, two miles 
anda half long by a mile broad and surrounded by forests 
which have not yet been shorn of their beauty by ax or fire. 
From DeBar Mountain, a few miles northeast, may be counted 
in a clear day, thirty lakes, and the yiew to the north extends 
across the State border into Canada. 
Itound Mr. Fuller a gentleman well posted theoretically 
and practically in fisheulture, and received from him much 
interesting information in regard to his experiments and 
experience on this subject. He has for several years main- 
tained, at his own expense, hatching operations at Meacham 
Lake, whereby the integrity of the fishing in that lake has 
been preserved, and it is now the best of the St. Regis fishing 
waters. Mr. Fuller has been successful in hybridizing trout, 
and he has, furthermore, proved the problem that spawn of 
the lake or salmon trout may betaken in the Adirondack 
waters without harm to the parent fish, ; 
At Meacham Lake several sites may be found suitable, in 
respect of water and facilities for obtainin eB spawn, for a State 
hatching station; but the location is too far north to be an 
advantageous point for distribution. Below the foothills of 
the mountains on the north, the rivers are too much choked 
up with sawdust and other refuse from sawmills and tanneries 
to admit of successful restocking, The trout abhor such 
places, aud what are not killed outright by these poisons, 
which work both mechanically and chemically, flee from 
their presence as the inhabitants do from cities that are 
plague-infected. 
These: reasons made it unnecessary that Ishould make any 
examinations north of Meacham Lake. I heard, however, of 
a Spring of such an extraordinary character on the mainroad 
from Meacham to Malone, and seven miles south of the latter 
ped to see it on my way to Malone, which 1s 
lace, that1, ich J 
Rieter ot Bale mile from Meacham Lake. The spring is 
an underground stream coming out of a hill through a bed of 
sandstone pebbles, in a body of sufficient volime to fill an 
eight-inch pipe. It is of absolute purity, clear as crystal, and 
as itis not exposed to any open suiface, is never affected by 
rainfalls, Its temperature when I exainined it was 46 degrees, 
and it remains nearly the same simmor and winter. Ina dis- 
tance of fifty feet from its exit out of the hill, it has a fall of 
eight or ten feet, and in afew rods makes way into the Sal- 
mon River. In quantity, quality, and fall of water, thisexcels 
uny place I have ever seen as a site-for fish hatching; but it is 
too remote from spawn supply and from waters tobe stocked, 
to be advantageously employed for this purpose, Not half a 
dozen rods from this spring is another spring brook of similar 
character, bub haying itssource more remote and flowing a 
preater distance in the open ground. 
With the inspection of these streams, which are called re- 
spectively, ‘Horse Brook,” and “Cold Brook,” my official tour 
ended, and on the 20th of October, I tool the cars at Malone 
for home, by the way of Ogdensburg and the Black River 
Railroad, having, during my journey, “swung completely 
around the circle of the Adirondacks,” and penetrated at -vari- 
ous points their most interesting depths. I think I have 
gained from my trip much information of value to the work 
of the Commission, and IT know that at whatever point I 
touched, an interest was awakened in the science of fishcul- 
ture that promises useful results. 
I made no examination in the Moose or Beaver River coun- 
try. With the greater part of this region I have been so 
familiar for the past thirty years, that a new examination was 
not necessary with reference to the present object. The Moose 
River waters afford many sites where artificial fishculture 
may be established and conducted with advantage; but look- 
ing to the greater needs of the Adirondack country proper, I 
haye made my principal investigations there. For the pres- 
ent, the waters of the southern and western sections of the 
wilderness may be supplied from the State station at Cale- 
donia. Should the Legislature, in its wisdom, see fit to enlarge 
the scope of production in the wilderness, these sections will, 
doubtless, receive favorable consideration, 
In all my examinations I Leiria upon the assumption 
that the spawn supply should be procured from local sources, 
and that the expensive means employed at the’ Caledonia 
Meta, to keep up a supply, by the use of stock fish fed in 
artificial ponds, would not be necessary; and, consequently, 
the expense of maintaining a hatchery in the wilderness would 
be comparatively light. Should this calculation prove er- 
ronéous, there will be found at the place finally recommended, 
and, indeed, at all the plates examined, facilities for the con- 
tee este of sufficient artificial ponds for the storage of stock 
fish. 
Tam to report to the Board of Commissioners such a site as 
shall, all things considered, be the best. In view of my in- 
structions, I report that the outlet of Little Clear Pond, on lot 
four, township twenty, Macomb’s purchase, belonging to the 
State, and near the head of Upper Saranac Lake, in the 
county of Franklin, possesses in greater measure than any 
other the necessary qualifications, and i recommend its 
adoption, therefore, as the site of the Adirondack fish hatch- 
ery; and, furthermore, that steps be taken at the earliest 
practical period to establish the proper plant there. 
Respectfully submitted, 
RicHarD U. SHERMAN. 
New Hantrrorp, Noy, 6, 1884. 
WHITEFISH IN THE GREAT LAKES.—Year aiter year 
of late the State Fish Commissioners of Wisconsin and other 
States have freely stocked the waters of the lakes with young 
whitefish. Yet year by year the catch of whitefish diminishes, 
until now the extermination of this valuable species of food 
is threatened. Where do the whitefish goto? The answer is 
not far to find, Exhaustive experiments have been made and 
have proved that the artificial stocking of the lakes through 
the medium of State fish hatcheries is in itself successful. 
Healthy young fish by the millions—and more whitefish than 
fish of other varities—have been deposited in Lake Michigan 
and in spite of any adverse natural conditions they have lived 
and thriyen, But experiments have proved, too, that white- 
fish are exceptionally tender; and, unlike many other and 
hardier varieties, they hug close to the shore, where the water 
is shallow and warm. These shallow reaches of the lakes 
from Chicago to Buffalo are almost literally lined by trap 
nets, set by the dwellers along shore. In such nets. with fish 
of larger size, the partially grown whitefish are caught, en. 
the nets are pulled up these latter are taken out and—not 
reserved for food, but thrown back into the water dead, 
eing too small for use. Thus thousands upon thousands are 
lakes. Here, then, is the reason why the food stock of delicate 
whitefish is not increased but rather steadily diminshed year 
after year. There must be law and the rigid enforcement of 
law prohibiting the use of trap nets or the fish supply of the 
preat lakes will be exterminated. The law to be effective 
must be a law by Congress also, for no State laws and no 
combination of laws by different States adjacent to the lakes 
can meet the case. 
THE NEW YORE OYSTER COMMISSION.—Hugene G, 
Blackford, State Commissioner of Fisheries, visited City Island 
yesterday to conduct a hearing at the Court House there as to 
the grievances, if any, of oystermen in regard to the State 
and county laws affecting their business. He was accompanied 
by Prof. H, J. Rice, who has charge of the Fulton Market 
Laboratory. During the summer he and Mr. Blackford visited 
all the oyster ports in the State in the steam yacht Lookout, 
gathering facts for the basis of this inquiry. Subsequently a 
seb of 156 questions regarding the business was sent to about 
1,000 oystermen. Many replies have been received which will 
be utilized m the report to the coming Legislature. Mr. 
Blackford explained yesterday that he wanted to know the 
condition of the oyster business; if the field had increased or 
decreased of late years, and the causesthereof. He wanted to 
know, too, what were the enemies of oysters and what 
legislation might be necessary to insure protection or improye- 
ment for the trade, Mr. Blackford asked Justice Martin to 
indicate the men whose opinions ought to be asked, and the 
latter called upon Cen: Joshua Leviness, the oldest oyster- 
man on the island. Mr. Leviness said the business of epi atne 
shells on natural beds was bad, Ths beds from Captain’s 
Island to New London were all bought wu by rich men and 
monopolists, while the common oystermen_had to sit ashore 
until they went to the county house. ‘‘Our style is better,” 
continued the captain, “A man stakes off what he can get, 
and as long as Fe ceons staked up and looks out for his business 
his ground is his own and he can do what he likes with the 
oysters on it. If he dies it goes to his family.” ‘‘But suppose 
some one foes on staked ground and takes oysters from it 
without weet the man who staked it?’ ‘We don’t pretend 
to allow a preat many thieves around here.” said the witness 
sim Ly. “Do-you mean that you never have trouble of that 
kind?” “Not often. I am 77 years old, and was the first man 
to put a stake in the Hast River. I think we haye had two or 
three arrests in my day. Wesent the thieves to prison for 
two or three months, and that stopped it.” Capt. Leviness 
¥ecounted his happy experiences good humoredly until he 
spoke of the damage that the oyster beds had suffered from 
the city garbageand mud scows which had recklessly dumped 
their leeds wherever they pleased for ten or fifteen years back, 
The beds had flourishéd until that scovi'age came upon them, 
Since then some of them had been smothered and others had 
been damaged. Capt. Leviness thought that the beds in the 
North River ought to be opened for dredging, Millions of 
oysters welt aan there eve Loe ee thesSuper- 
visors of Westchester county contp. e digging in th 
North River territory to eid and tones, while the Rockland 
county arthorities forbade intrusion in any form by residents 
of other sounties. There ene to be a law, he thought, to 
open the State beds to dredgers living in the State, and to 
keep Connecticut and New Jersey oystermen out of New 
York waters, until the laws of those States, which koep their 
waters Sey for their own citizens,berepealed, Capt. Leviness 
also favored a law that would make from July 15 to Sept. 15 
a close season, in which the beds should not be disturb In 
response to an inquiry as to the advisability of limiting the 
possessions of an oysterman, Capt, Leyiness thought 200 acres 
ought to be the limit, for no man could care properly for 
more, and that was enough to raise all the oysters any one 
could market. This testimony was sustained by all the other 
oystermen whom Justice Martin presented 10 Mr. Blackford, 
Thomas Collins, , red-faced good-natured Ivishman, who in- 
formed Mr, Blackford that he was ‘the original Tom Collins, 
for whom you fellows were looking a few years ago,” was 
amusingly earnest in his allusion to the ‘parts of brick houses, 
cement, and hoopskirts that made harder pulling than 
oysters and ruined the natural beds.” Justice Martin 
was giyen a chance after dinner to express his 
opinion. He agreed with those who had preceded him, 
attributing the decrease of natural beds entirely to the illegal 
offal dumpings. The Connecticut law, in his opinion, gave too 
large opportunities to ‘‘farmers, shop girls, and monopolists,” 
who came in and crowded the poor oysterman out. The next 
hearing will probably be given to the oystermen at Prince's 
Bay, among whom the Arcadian happiness of City [sland does 
not prevail. 
The Aiennel. 
FIXTURES. 
BENCH SHOWS. 
Dec. 16; 17, 18 and 19,—Third Bench Show of the Southein Massa- 
chusetts Poultry Association, Taunton, Mass. Wm. C. Davenport, 
Assistant Secitetary. f : ‘ J 
Dec, 30, 31 and Jan. 1, 2, 1885.—Bench Show of the Mériden Potiltty 
Association, Meriden, Conn. Joshua Shute, Secretary. 
Jan; 10 to 14, 1885.—World’s Exposition Bench Shoiy, New Orleans, 
La. Mr. Chas. Lincoln. Superintendent, 
Jan, 27, 28,29 and 80,—Annual Bench Show of the New Brunswick 
Poultry and Pet Stock Association. Mr. H, W. Wisson, Secretary, 
St. Johns, N. B. 
Feb. 1 to 11, 1885.—New York Fanciers’ Club, Third Annual Exhibi- 
tion of non-sporting dogs, poultry and pigeons at Madison Squaré 
eae Feb. 1 to 11, 1845. Ohas, Harker, Secretary, 62 Cortlandt 
street. 
March 2, 4, 5 and 6, 1885.—Secend Annual Bench Show of the Cin- 
parti atiiacra Club, Cincinnati, O. Charles Lincoln, Superin- 
ndent, 
March 18, 19 and 20, 1885.—Second Annual Show of the New Haven 
Kennel Club. #.S8. Porter, Secretary, New Haven, Conn. 
April 7 to 10, 1885.—First Annual Bench Show N. BH. Kennel Chub, 
Music Hall, Boston. J. A. Nickerson, Secretary, 159A Tremont streat, 
Chas, Lincoln, Superintendent. 
FIELD TRIALS, 
Dec. 15.—Southern Sportsmen's Association Trials, Canton, Miss, 
Mr, T. K. Renaud, Secretary, New Orleans, La. 
A, K. R. * 
HE AMERICAN KENNEL REGISTER, for the registration of 
pedigrees, éte, (with prize lists of all shows and trials), is pub- 
lished every month. Entries close on the ist. Should be In early. 
Entry blanks sent on receipt of stamped and addressed envelope. 
Registration fee (25 cents) must accompany each entry. No entries 
inserted unless paid in advance. Yearly subseription $1, Address 
“American Kennel Register,” P. 0, Box 2882, New York. Number 
of entries already printed 1Y0'7, Volume T., bound in cloth, sent 
postpaid, $1.5°. 
AMERICAN KENNEL REGISTER. 
Editor Forest and Stream: 
Will you kindly allow me to state tothe American Kennel 
Register subscribers that, in consequsnce of the rush of entries 
for the December number, there will be a few days’ delay 1 
publication. Two hundred entries have been received, the 
majority of them at the close of the month, and as the volume 
is complete with the December number, it is necessary that 
they should all appear, The total number of entries tothe close 
of the volume is 1,907, a fact which speaks louder than worda 
as to the value placed upon the Register, and this month’s en= 
tries have been received from all sections of the United States, 
Epitor A, K, R, 
THE FIRST TIME AFIELD. 
SPENT a most enjoyable Thanksgiving quail shooting, 
While my bag was rot large, my cup was iilled with joy 
overflowing by my dog, who from an apparent noyice deyvel- 
oped into as steady and staunch a dog on quail us one could 
desire, that is until I fired, when he certainly was not as steady 
as he might have been; in fact, he showed a decided He en- 
sity to race with the shotas soon asthe bird was flushed. 
However, I was mightily pleased, as he proved to my entire 
satisfaction that he possessed a nose, which fact until to-day 
[had great reason to doubt. Y 
T left the house at $8, and a walk of one mile brought me to 
the ground J decided tohunt, Itis a most curious combina- 
tion of ope and cover, bog and upland; cover so dense I cowld 
with difficulty crawl through it, bogs so high and so oyer- 
grown with grass that immediately your dog entered it he 
was lost to sight; but the upland was entirely the reverse, 
and I enjoyed it all the more by comparison, . 
Directly in the center of all this, and traversing it from end 
to end, flowed a brook just wide enough not to jump. On 
one side of this brook were the bogs and cover, on the other 
the uplands and clear, open woods, a most beautiful piece of 
ground for woodeock, and where a number haye been shot 
this season. There, after an unsuccessful beat of the bogs, we 
found the birds; that is they found us, for they all flushed 
wild, and were up and away before 1 could either shoot or 
mark themdown, Stilli had the general direction of their 
Hight, or supposed 1 had; so I carefully hunted the ground for 
at least half an hour, all the time keeping close enough to Rex 
so that if he scored a flush, as 1 expected he would, both he 
and the bird should receive instruction thereby—HKex not to 
flush the bird, the bird not so let Rex flush it, which instruc- 
tion I should seek to impart through the rod and gun. How- 
ever, all my pains to the contrary, we could not find the birds 
in the woods. j 
This surprised me very much, as I felt almost certain of 
finding them there. There was now but one place left where 
IT had any hope of finding them, this was entirely out of the 
woods in the open. While I hoped to find them there, I had 
no idea they would forsake such excellent cover as the woods 
afiorded for a comparatively open field. : 
After a short rest and a drink at a paring nace by some 
philanthropic person years ago by simply sinking a hollow log 
into the ground) whose clear water was very refreshing both 
to Rex and myself, we left the woods and struck into the 
field. At the very edge Rex made game and in half a minute 
Was pointing staunchly. This so delighted and surprised me 
that when I flushed the birds T missed them both in magnifi- 
cent shyle, while Rex, as if to SEIESUe retrievemy error, made 
another beautiful point, but had not recovered my equilib- 
rium, and I missedagam. leven missed the next pair, This 
thoroughly shamed me and completely disgusted Rex, who 
then and there decided he would cut me altogether and hunt 
for himself, but this did net suit my views and I prevailed, 
Tn all there were five birds, three Hew to the right and ty 
