402 
FOREST AND STREAM. 
(Duc, 18, 1884. 
THEODATUS GARLICK. 
A REMARKABLE life was closed when, in the early morn- 
ing of Tuesday, Dec. 9, Theodatus Garlick died at his 
home in Bedford, Ohio. Death came to him not unexpected, 
nor, we believe, unwelcomed, for it meant final release from 
intense physical suffering, which had been borne with extra- 
ordinary fortitude for nearly twenty-one years. In 1864, being 
then on a yisit to his boyhood home in Middlebury, Vt., Dr. 
Garlick was stricken down with a sub-acute attack of the 
spinal nerves, a disease from which he never recovered, His 
age was seventy-nine years. 
Dr. Garlick wasa man of many-sided genius; excelling in a 
dificult profession, he was also an artist and a naturalist. 
Socially, and in private life he was beloved by innumerable 
friends, and because of his boundless charity, revered by 
scores who knew him only as their benefactor, A sketch of 
Dr. Garlick’s career was published in our issue of Jan, 8, 1881 
(accompanying a portrait), and from it we reprint the follow- 
ing paragraphs; : 
Theodatus Garlick was born March 30, 1805, in Middlebury, 
Addison county, Vt. Hisfather was Daniel Garlick, a farmer, 
who married Sabra Starkweather Kirby, daughter of Abra- 
ham Kirby, of Litchfield, Conn., and sister of thé Hon. 
Ephraim Kirby, who in 1804 was appointed by President 
Jeiterson United States Judge for the Territorial District of 
Louisiana, ' 
In 1816 young Garlick, then but a mere boy, eleven years 
old, left his home for the West, trudging on foot and carrying 
a knapsack, At Elk Creek, now Girard, in Hrie county, Penn- 
sylvania, he tarried two years, and then went on to Cleve- 
Jand, O., where he had a brother who was by trade a stone- 
cutter. Here he spent some years and became proficient in 
the art of-carying and lettering on stone, afterward going 
back to his Vermont home to finish his education, which had 
been irreguiarly received at the common schools and under 
private tutors, In 1823 he again returned to Ohio, accom- 
panied by his father and mother. 
Tn 1829, when at the age of twenty-four, he entered the 
office of Dr. Ezra W, Glezen as a medical student, afterward 
continuing these studies under the direction of Dr. Elijah 
Flower, then a prominent physician and surgeon at Brook- 
field. After some years of assiduous study, and after attend- 
ing full courses of medical and clinical lectures, he graduated 
at the University of Maryland, in the city of Baltimore, in 
1834. For many months thereafter he had the benefit of close 
socia] and professional relations with Prof. N. R. Smith, who 
at that date occupied the chair of Surgery in the Maryland 
University. Declining flattering inducements to remain in 
Baltimore, Dr. Garlick returned to Ohio and settled in what 
became the city of Youngstowny where he engaged in the 
practice of medicine and surgery ; and following his tastes and 
talents he made of the latter a specialty, He spent eighteen 
years here, his fame as a skillful surgeon growing all this 
while, and then removed to Cleveland, O., where he formed a 
partnership with Prof. Horace A. Ackley, Here he was 
elected a member of the Board of Censors of the Cleveland 
Academy of Natural Sciences, : 
Asa surgeon Dr. Garlick soon took high rank among the 
profession in that city, and of the country. He probably had 
no superior in that most superior branch of the art, plastic 
surgery. He performed numerous and most skillful ‘opera- 
tions of this class, both in the Cleveland and Medical College 
and elsewhere. One of the most important of these was in 
+he case of a young lady who had lost nearly all of one side of 
her face and two-thirds of the upper and lower lips by 
“sloughing” of the parts. The whole side of the face was 
restored and the deformity removed by the perfect fitting of 
flaps which were cut up to supply the lost parts. Professor 
John Delemater declared that there was not a more difficult 
ora more successful case of plastic surgery on record, and 
placed its value in money at $10,000, He performed the 
operation of lithotomy with unusual skill and success, in one 
case fracturing first and then extracting a stone which meas- 
ured three and ahalf by four and a half inches; in shape 
like a cocoanut. He successfully removed the half of the 
under jaw twice, disarticulating in each case, and twice tied 
successfully the carotid artery. He made some valuable im- 
provements in the methods of operation for harelip, and for 
fistula in ano; introduced new splints and dressings for frac- 
tures, and applied the principle of anatomical models to 
animals and parts of animals, and especially to fishes. 
Dr. Garlick had early developed a taste for art, and pos- 
sessed much talent for sculpture. He began his work in this 
while in college, and subsequently made most creditable ad- 
ditions to this branch of American art. While at the Mary- 
land Medical University he produced bas-reliefs in wax of five 
of the professors of the college, which were pronounced ex- 
cellent likenesses, The statuettes in basso-relievo of General 
Jackson and Henry Clay, both of whom gave him sittings, 
were soon after completed. A life-size bust of Judge George 
Tod, of Ohio, was another of his productions, admired for 
accuracy and artistic merit. 
His last work of artis probably his masterpiece, and has a 
peculiar interest because of the circumstances under which it 
was completed. Itis a life-size bust of Professor J. Kirtland, 
at the age of sixty, made in 1874, A disease of the spinal 
nerves of more than ten years duration, and which incapaci- 
tated him from standing without the aid of crutches, kept him 
closely confined to a lounge, and in a recumbent position, and 
while suffering acute pain, he modeled this admirable bust. 
The bust was modeled partly from an alto-relieyo which he 
produced in 1850, and partly from sittings by the Professor, 
Tt was most truly a labor of love. No pecuniary recompense 
would have induced Dr. Garlick to undertake it. His deep 
affection for Professor Kirtland enabled him to persevere in it 
until its completion. 
This talent as a sculptor was applied in a most useful way 
to the construction of anatomical models. He also made 
many valuable pathological models, which represented rare 
forms of disease. These models were duplicated, and are to 
be found in the medical colleges of Cleveland, Cincimuati, 
Buffalo, Charleston, Toronto and elsewhere. They are con- 
sidered to be superior to the works of the celebrated Auzoux 
of Paris. 
Dr. Garlick made the first daguerreotype picture (a land- 
scape) taken in the United States, and himself constructed the 
instrument and apparatus to take it in December, 1839; be- 
side making in 1840 the first daguerreotype likeness ever 
taken anywhere without requiring the rays of the sun to fall 
directly upon the sitter’s face—in other words, in the shade. 
It is as the pioneer in American fishculture that Dr, Gar- 
lick’s name willhaye the most enduring fame. Attracted by 
the reports of the experiments of Gehen and Remy in France, 
he at once recognized the practicability of artificially increas- 
ing some of our more valuable species; and, being an angler, 
naturally selected the brook trout to begin with. Associating 
himself in this enterprise with Prof. H. A. Ackley, Dr, Garlick 
started for the Sault Ste. Marie to obtain adult fish for this 
purpose, in the month of August, 1853, while Prof. Ackley pre- 
pared a pond for their reception by making a dam below a 
spring on his farm, which was some two miles from Cleve- 
land. The first attempt at transporting fish from the Sault 
Ste. Marie, nearly 500 miles, was a failure; but three subse- 
quent attempts resulted in placing 150 trout inthe pond. In 
September he made a trip to Port Stanley, Canada, and 
brought more. It was supposed that the journey would inter- 
fere with their spawning the same year, but in this the ex- 
perimenters were agreeably mistaken, On the 20th of No- 
vember the fish had so far progressed in nest making as to be 
ready to occupy the beds scooped in the gravel; and on the 
following day the Doctor caught and stripped the first pair of 
fishes so treated on the continent of North America, All the 
details of development, which are now so familiar to fishcul- 
turists, were then veiledand unknown. Were the little eggs 
impregnated? Would they hatch? It was forty-eight days, 
or not until Jan. 9, 1854, when the Doc‘or placed one of the 
eggs under the microscope and saw an unmistakable embryo. 
Thirteen days later a fish emerged from the egg, and the 
triumph was complete. Onthe 14th of February Dr. Garlick 
described these experiments and their success in a paper read 
before the Academy of Natural Sciences of Cleveland, O., 
which was published in its proceedings, and from which the 
above facts are taken. In December, 1856, he exhibited mi- 
croscopic views of the embryo trout before the same Academy 
at three different meetings, and showed the changes in the 
structure of the embryo at different ages, 
In 1857 he published a book entitled ‘‘Fish Culture,” which 
was for years the standard authority on the subject; a second 
edition, revised and enlarged, appeared in 1880, and was 
reviewed in FOREST AND STREAM of Sept, 16, 1880. 
Dr, Gariick’s early experiments in fishculture were published 
inthe Ohio Farmer and at that time did not attract much 
attention outside of his own circle of acquaintances, nor did 
his experiments and successes strike the public as having any 
practical pearing upon the every day concerns of life in the 
way of increasing the food supply, which was in no way scant 
in his State. Indeed they were rather yiewed as a curious 
recreation of a gentleman addicted to scientific experiments, 
and as a harmless way of spending: his time and money. 
Unfortunately for trout culture the Doctor was possessed of 
an ample income and therefore felt no necessity to enter into 
the breeding of fish as a business yenture, nor to pushit. He 
had demonstrated the fact that it was practicable to breed 
fish, and proved it to his own satisfaction, as well as that of 
his neighbors; he had published the result of his work in both 
scientific and popular papers; and there the matter rested. 
Had he been a poor man his natural enthusiasm, added to his 
native energy, which in other things showed his great powers 
of pushing things to their furthest limits, would, even in that 
early day, have awakened an interest in the cultureof fish 
which would have given itthe start that it did not acquire 
until fifteen years later. 
Although he saw in the artificial breeding of fish a new and 
important industry, he had no conception of the proportions 
that he has been spared to see if assume. He has seen it pass 
from the stage of scientific experiment to an industrial pur- 
suit, and from that to become animportant department in the 
internal economy of nearly every State in the Union by the 
appointment of Fishery Commissioners with State and 
National appropriations, more or less ample, for the propaga- 
tion of food fishes. He has watched the interchange of fish 
eges with foreign countries and the safe shipment of ova to 
the antipodes. He has seen the salmon restored to the Con- 
necticut River; the shad successfully planted and grown on 
the Pacific coast, where they were unknown, until fresh shad 
are no novelty in the markets of San Francisco. He has seen 
the fishes of the West firmly established in the East, until the 
trout of California has been perfectly acclimated there. He 
has noted the fact that the sea fishes also have been propa- 
gated, and that the cod and the Spanish mackerel can be in- 
creased by artificial means. Truly a grand retrospect for the 
pioneer in American fishculture, and a glorious record with 
which to close a busy and a useful life, 
During the past years of physical suffering with which Dr. 
Garlick has been prostrated, his mind has been clear; and now 
in his seventy-sixth year, he watches the FoREsT AND STREAM 
for new movements in fishculture. He has been an occasional 
contributor to its columns, and has lately been much inter- 
ested in the culture of carp, of which he hasa pond and hopes 
to see them increase. He was a diligent student of natural 
history and other kindred sciences. Prof. J. P. Kirtland 
was his first and only preceptor in natural history, and was 
his intimate friend and associate for more than forty years. 
In 1857 the Doctor described the large-mouthed black bass of 
Ohio waters as Grystes megastoma, its specific name being his 
own and descriptive of its large mouth, a name so appropri- 
ate that it is unfortunate that it has to give way to the law of 
priority and be passed into the realms of synonomy. 
The brief outline of his life given above is the record of 
a busy, well-spent career, well rounded by notable achieye- 
ments in different spheres of work; itis the sketch of a re- 
markable man. 
Che Sportsman Tourist. 
THE BEST FISHING. 
es VEEN Swinging, swaying, swinging, 
Ocean heaying, white gulls winging: 
Lazy rolling, gentle plashing, 
Mirrored sun from smooth waves flashing; 
Burnished faces, merry laughter, 
Swimming first and luncheon after; 
Not the faintest sign or rumor 
Of a fin to spoil our humor. 
Sport like that is worth the wishing, 
That’s the way to go a-fishing. 
—H. G. Dutoc, 
LES CHENEUX. 
EW of the summer visitors to Mackinaw Island know 
of the rare piscatorial sport to be had at the Cheneux 
Islands, only eighteen miles away, and very few of the grand 
army of hay fever sufferers, cool weather and health seek- 
ers know of the existence of such a group. Nevertheless, all 
well+egulated maps show them to lie northeast of Macki- 
naw and Bois Blanc islands; they are conspicuous on the 
mariner’s chart as “Les Cheneux:” county papers spealk 
of the ‘‘Scheneaux;” the U. §. Land Office maps designate 
them as ‘“‘Oheneux Islands;” French fishermen set their nets 
at the “‘Schnows,” and after you have seen the sights at 
Mackinaw you are asked, ‘‘Are you going to the Snows?” 
It would seem that the French settlers should agree on the 
pronunciation of this word, but as they charmingly dis- 
agree, and generally concur in mispronouncing Bois Blanc 
Bob-a-lo, I will merely say that a pilgrim to these shores 
could make himself ‘‘opaque” by lisping plain ‘‘Snows.” 
Unfortunately for visitors, the present accommodations at 
the Cheneux are poor, there being besides a few fishermen 
and Indians but one genuine white settler upon the islands, 
viz., Mr, Wm. Patrick, a very courteous and accommodat- 
ing gentleman, who is engaged in lumbering, and with his 
family has lived upon Marquette, the largest of the islands, 
for the past six years. Harly next summer he purposes 
erecting a hotel to accommodate people desiring plain fare, a 
healthful climate and good fishing every day, To those 
wishing to camp, I will say, there are many suitable spots on 
nearly every island, Mackinaw Island is the nearest outfit- 
ting point from which excursion steamers run twice a week 
and fish tugs daily; round trip fare one dollar, 
A delightful and independent way to gois to charter one of 
the many Mackinaw sailboats, pointed at both ends, famous 
for withstanding turbulent seas, and very fast sailing crafts. 
Five dollars a day is the usual charge. We were advised to 
get Captain Jerome Gulpin, who owns such a boat, and had 
no cause to regret our choice. The Captain is a character 
that will bear inspection. When fairly afloat he prefaces his 
remarks with the statement that he is tongue-tied and a 
wretched talker; but were he to remark instead, ‘‘] am lame 
and a poor walker,” he would come nearer following that 
biblical road, which in this case leads to his idol—‘my 
boat.” His furrowed face was the picture of contentment 
as, with one hand on the tiller and the other on his short 
pipe, he sat in the stern of ‘his boat” on the morning of the 
second day of last August and permitted Mackinaw Island 
to sink slowly into the lake, while the Cheneux as gradually ~ 
came up in our front under the favorable breeze which filled 
our sails and drew from the Captain many laughable personal 
yarns and much praise for his good boat Lucy. But sud- 
denly there was a calm, and the Captain frowned inauspici- 
ously and predicted a storm from all the cardinal points, 
while his three passengers ate their dinners and contemplated 
with satisfaction the pile of camp equipage that seemed 
capable of sustaining them forever, providing the boat 
proved as seaworthy as represented. There is a charm in 
experiencing a culm—a very short calm, such as we had, 
We measured the depth of water and found just 195 feet of 
the cold blue fluid between us and terra firma. We tried 
bobbing for lake trout with a large spoon hook, hoping that 
some indiscreet monster would establish a precedent for his 
more wary kindred; but half an hour of this vigorous exer- 
cise convinced us that the unwary one sought did not desire 
to advance the cause of science. 
Goose Island lay ahead and to our right. We interrupted 
the commander, who was speaking of a terrible midnight 
gale which he and his frightened nephew once outrode on 
this coast (in his boat the Lucy), to ask how so uncouth a 
name had been given so pretty anisland. He knew of but 
two reasons. There had never been any geese around it to 
his knowledge, and a tourist once fished there two days with- 
out getting a bite. The Captain now invoked the aid of the 
zephyrs in the following language; ‘‘Come on! Come on 
now! Where you are now?” And very soon we were struck 
by a squall that forced us into one of the intricate channels 
for which the Cheneux are famous. Here we weresafe, and 
between trolling for grass pike and chasing flocks of young 
ducks, the time passed quickly until Patrick’s was reached, 
where we went into camp and bade good by to ourvoyageur, 
who hoped to see us again in the “‘sweet subsequently.” He 
very ingeniously cemented the contract for a return passage 
by telling a disparaging anecdote on his pompous and most 
formidable rival, The Captain says that when the lake is 
rough, ‘‘like a flour barrel,” his rival becomes unduly excited, 
and when under the éspionage of a crowd he never fails to 
show his eccentricities by virtue of his authority as com- 
mander. One day while passing a crowded dock, be was 
hailed and informed that a number would like to take asail. 
The commander did not lose his right eye, but his wits de- 
parted in the brief mental squabble that followed, and he 
forgot that the anchor or “hank” (which was a box filled 
with stones) had no cable attached. Promptness being one 
of his virtues, he gave the order, “‘Frow de hank.” 
-~ “But we have no cable, Captain,” wus the rejoinder of the 
sou, who acted as mate and crew. This was rank mutiny, 
and the reply came quickly: ‘‘Nevaire mind; frow de hank; 
he hold some anyhow.” The hank was thrown and the 
stones went through the bottom of the box. , 
“What ail de hank? De hank float,” excitedly exclaimed 
the Captain, and rushing for the tiller he banged the boat 
against the dock so hard that it took the rest of the day to 
yepair damages. _ . ‘ 
Opposite Patrick's, on the main land, will be found the 
old Pather Pierre farm, now a fine stretch of undulatin 
meadow, with two dilapidated log barns on one side, and 
the Chippewa cemetery among the trees on the other. The 
sun was low down in the west when we visited the burying 
eround so sacred to the Chippewas. It is only a small, 
