132 Cincinnati Society of Natural History. 
species, and C. holosericea, under the variety bracteata, the distribu- 
tion of the species will be extended south to Feleciana in Louisiana, 
and to South Carolina (both given for holosericea), and to Florida 
(near St. John’s river on east coast) given for Catesbyana. This 
latter is also known frum northern and central Alabama, and Georgia 
and South Carolina on the coast. Taking then the Virginiana, with 
its variety bracteata, as given above, we find the species distributed 
over the country from Florida and Santa Fe on the south, to Canada, 
Wisconsin, and British America on the north, certainly a very extended 
distribution. Its nearest relative, and a very close one it is, is as 
variable and as widely distributed. But while one is principally con- 
fined to the eastern portion of the continent, the other is found in and 
to the west of the Rocky mountains. This is 
No. 15. C. ligusticifolia, Nutt.—The typical form extends from San 
Antonio, and Coppermine creek, in New Mexico, through Colorado 
(Denver, etc.), to eastern base of the Black Hills, Fort Ellis, Madison 
Valley and Yellowstone in Montana, and Port Neuf Canon in South 
Idaho; further, it is found in Utah, Nevada, Sacramento River Valley in 
California, Klamath Valley and Pit river, Oregon, and at the Dalles of 
the Columbia. The var. brevifolia, Nutt., is found in New Mexico, 
lower canons of West Humboldt mountains, and Kast Humboldt range, 
Nevada, at Bingham City, Utah, Blackfoot river in North Idaho, Wash- 
ington Territory to the Saskatchawan in British America, and south to 
Lower California and Arizona. The variety bracteata, Torrey, is very 
local, perhaps not distinct from the others. The only reference I find 
is the “Botany of the Wilkes Expedition,’* and the habitat there 
given isthe Williamette river, Oregon. Variety Californica, Watson, 
is found in California, from the Sacramento Valley to San Diego, and 
east to Posé creek and Camp Bowie in Arizona. Taking all these varieties 
of ligusticifolia, then, we find the species ranging from the Mexican 
boundary to the Saskatchawan in British A merica, and being confined 
to the mountains, or found only west of them. | 
From the resemblance between this species and the Virginiana, we 
may be justified in considering one the representative and probably 
the descendant of the other. It is likely that the Virginiana is the 
descendant of the ligusticifolia, and that the latter has its nearest 
relatives in the highlands of India, and dther parts of Asia. At all 
* This book being inaccessible to me, Mr. I. Martindale, of Camden, N. J., was kind 
enough to send me the description. 
