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Cincinnati Society of Natural History. 



that produced this change was at some other locality than in the mound. 

 The molds of the logs, etc., of the vault in the adjacent earth, showed 

 close packing from pressure or pounding. 



Skeleton. — The bones were all in a very bad state of preservation ; the 

 fragments which were secured were held together only with the greatest 

 difficulty, and by boiling in glue and varnishing afterward. This was 

 done with the intent to supply the animal matter of the bones, which had 

 long since disappeared. 



Nothing could be noted about the injuries to the bones. One femur showed 

 an old break near its middle, but that might have come from the caving in of 

 the dirt from the giving away of the top of the vault. The size of the skele- 

 ton was remarkable only in length. The few bones secured do not show 

 excessive development of processes, spines, ridges, lines, etc., for muscular 

 attachment, and we can not say that the man was very strong. The height 

 was considerably over six feet ; enough to class him along with our tallest or- 

 dinary men of to-day. The skull was among the best preserved bones, 

 and great care was used to keep it, as far as possible, intact. The whole, 

 however, was quite fragile, and the occipital bone, buried an inch or two 

 into the floor of the vault, stuck to that clay soil, and, being more brittle 

 than the rest, broke into many fragments. Many of the thinner bones 

 crumbled, and were lost ; yet enough were saved to make a respectable 

 showing, and to present some interesting features. The inside of the oc- 

 cipital bone was covered with a crystalline substance, which disappears in 

 hydrochloric acid with effervescence, and which, I believe, is carbonate of 

 lime. The interior of the skull revealed a small mass of black matter, 

 irregular in shape, with a brittle, conchoidal fracture, which was the dried- 

 up and shrunken remains of the brain. 



The skull presents the rounded head when viewed from above, and a 

 peculiar straightening and apparent elongation from the parietal eminences 

 down. The air cavities in the temporal bones are large. The frontal 

 sinuses are excessively large, and give rise to prominent supra- orbital 

 ridges. The orbital cavities are rather small. The sutures of the skull 

 are largely obliterated from age, and the thinness of the skull is quite 

 marked. 



Examination shows that the nose was large, quite prominent, and in- 

 clined to the right side. The cheek bones are high and prominent, and 

 cavities in the bones of the face all large. The lower jaw is very deep, 

 chin prominent, and the angle is very marked.* 



*For a detailed account of the teeth, refer to Dr. E. G. Betty's report on the same, 

 published in the Dental Register, February, 1884. 



