No. 410.] THE EUROPEAN FAUNA. 115 
The next point is the almost self-evident absence of an 
* Arctic immigration ” by way of Greenland-Spitsbergen-Nor- 
way-British Islands. On the other hand, the “ Alpine fauna," 
the offshoot of the Oriental immigration, is plainly represented 
by the brachycephalic Alpine race of unmistakable Asiatic 
relationship. These “round-barrow men" in their westward 
push reached the British Islands, though they have left but 
few traces, except their bones, behind them there. Ireland 
may have been separated at the time of their invasion, since 
they do not seem to have reached that island, but they pene- 
trated to the extreme of Scotland, the Shetlands, the Faroe 
Islands, and, as I believe, by that route — the North Sea bridge, 
either yet intact or only broken to the extent of furnishing 
stepping-stones — to western Norway, where to the present day 
this Alpine population holds the extreme west coast to almost 
the identical extent as the red deer, a most suggestive distri- 
bution when we compare it with what has been said above 
about the probable route of immigration of that animal in 
Norway. It is true that there are traces of an Alpine popula- 
tion in other parts of southern Norway, especially in Smaale- 
nene, and that a migration along the Danish peninsula has 
been suggested. It is even likely that part of the broad- 
headed dark Norwegians have come by the latter route 
as well, but this view is not necessarily antagonistic to the 
above theory. 
Finally the long-headed blond Nordic, or Teutonic, race, 
the last to arrive, corresponds substantially to the “ Siberian 
invasion.” 1! Whether any part of this can be paralleled with 
the preglacial, or first, Siberian stream which I have indicated 
above, I am not now prepared to say, but the question should 
be carefully looked into. 
1 This view does not antagonize the theory of the African origin of the doli- 
that the portion of the latter which 
chocephalic race. On the contrary, I hold 
ultimately developed into the blond branch originally expanded from eastern 
Africa to western and central Asia. Here, in the high altitudes, I tke it, the 
bleaching began, which after the race joined the second Siberian weary puo 
more and more pronounced as it progressed westward and ssa bead , ub n 
reached its extreme development of blondness at the extreme nort western p 
of its range, viz., in Sweden. 
