170 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. [VorL. XXXV. 
the copulatory appendages of the male sex. This pupa must, 
therefore, be a male, though very different from the Labidus, 
as shown in the figures which I repróduce in the plate 
accompanying this memoir (Fig. 30, a, 2, c). Believing the 
determination of the sex to be correct and desiring an explana- 
tion of the facts, the specimen was supposed to be a hetero- 
morphic male of Eciton, and the tuberculate larva were 
therefore regarded as male larve, the smooth ones as belong- 
ing to ants of the femalesex. Thus arose the strange doctrine 
of the dimorphism of the males in the genus Eciton. The 
new heteromorphic male was, from analogy with the termites, 
designated as a supplementary male.” : 
From an examination of W. Miiller’s figures, Emery con- 
cludes that the pupa which gave rise to the above view was 
a normal worker pupa of some ponerine ant, presumably a 
species of Pachycondyla which had been appropriated by the 
ecitons. That Emery has drawn the correct inference from 
Miiller’s data is very clear from the following observations 
made on Æ. schmitti during the past spring. These observa- 
tions are transcribed from the notebook of the senior author. 
May 25 we came upon a colony of Æ. schmitti under a large 
flat stone. The ants had dug their galleries to a depth of 
several inches in the moist black soil and had literally packed 
them with larvae and pupe. The latter were more abundant - 
and were at once seen to be the slender, naked worker pupa 
of the Eciton. The relatively small number of larva were 
nearly mature and closely resembled the figures of Eciton 
larvee published by Emery. There were, however, many 
naked pupa and larve of very different shapes and sizes. 
Some of the former had wing-cases, and for a few days the 
senior author lived in the pleasant anticipation of being able 
to hatch the male ecitons, since much of the nest had been 
captured and placed in a large glass jar. The ecitons at once 
set to work and collected the slender larvae and pupz and then 
turned their attention to the others, which were finally brought 
together in the same place. Some of the winged pupa and 
i Intorno alle Larve di Alcune Formiche, Mem. della Accad. delle Scienze dell’ 
Istituto di Bologna, 7 maggio, 1899, 2 tav. 
