No. 412.] SMALLER NORTH-AMERICAN SHRIKES. 
293 
TABLE XI. — MELANISM OF UPPER TAIL COovERTSs. 
AREA. MATERIAL. Mone. MEAN. STANDARD Dev. 
Entire region .| 142 males. 53.13 + %. 15.42 + % 
104 females. 47-98 + %. 18.99 + 4. 
Austroriparian .| 55 males. 70%. 67.22 + 4. 5.02 + %. 
25 females. 65%. 66.2 y 8.16 + %. 
Appalachian. .| 34 males. 60%. 58.38 + %. 93 +% 
20 females. 60%. 53-2 y 64 +% 
Campestrian. .| 18 males. 30%.» 25.28 + ^. 11.4 +% 
17 females. : 28.25 + % 148 +% 
Sonoran. . .| 35 males. 35%. 40.43 + %. 13.01 + ^j. 
i 43 females. 30%. 38.26 + %. 13.37 + %- 
CV. of 142 males = 29.02 +. CV. of 104 females = 39. E T. 
P. E. M. [sub.] 142 males = + 0.873 +. 
P. E. v [sub.] 142 males = + 0.617 +. 
TABLE XII. — MELANISM OF BREAST. 
STANDARD Dev. 
AREA. MATERIAL. Monk. MEAN. 
Entire region .| 124 males. 31.21 + %. 
98 females. 36.58 + %- 
Austroriparian .| 42 males. 25%. 23.81 + %. 
27 females. 35% 3241 + % 
Appalachian. .| 35 males. 35% 43.28 + % 
23 females. 40%. 47-61 + % 
Campestrian. .| 17 males. 25%. 27.65 + %- 
18 females. 35%. 31.39 + % 
Sonoran . . .| 3o males. 25/5. 295 — 7 
30 females. 35%: 35.9 Jor 
11.07 + 4. 
10.51 + %. 
6.66 + %. 
10.36 + %. 
94 7 
8.71 + %. 
7.27 + % 
6.63 + %. 
6.65 + %. 
7.30 + % 
CV. of 124 males = 35.48 +. CV. of 98 females = 28.72 +. 
P. E. M. [sub.] 124 males = + 0.6709 +. 
P. E.¢ [sub.] 124 males = + 0.474 +. 
