318 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. [Vor. XXXV. 
W. Fowler gives a detailed account of fishes from Hawaii, Tahiti, 
and Samoa, in the collection of the Academy. Most of these were 
collected more than sixty years ago by the noted naturalists, Dr. John 
K. Townsend and Mr. Thomas Nuttall. Others were more recently 
obtained by Dr. William H. Jones and Dr. Benjamin Sharp. 
The new species are the following. From Honolulu: Zycodontis 
parvibranchialis, Echidna zonata, Stolephorus purpureus, Synodus sharfi, 
Hemipteronotus copei, Brotula townsendi; from Samoa, Mugil caldwelli. 
Mr. Fowler is very careful as to his nomenclature and synonymy, 
a sure sign of good workmanship in systematic zodlogy, and his 
conclusions seem everywhere tenable. The plates which illustrate 
Mr. Fowler’s paper, eleven species in all, seem accurately drawn, 
but are not well reproduced. 
It may be here noted that the name Stolephorus cannot be used 
for the great genus of anchovies, to which it has been of late years 
(following Bleeker) applied. Its type, Atherina japonica of Houttuyn, 
from Nagasaki, is not an anchovy, but the very common Japanese 
silver-sided sardine, Kibuna-iwashi, commonly known as Spratelloides 
gracilis. Stolephorus should therefore supersede Spratelloides. The 
genus of anchovies called Stolephorus should probably stand as 
Anchovia. The single species which Jordan and Evermann set 
apart under the latter name is probably not generically distinct. 
Perhaps all these species should be reunited under Engraulis, fol- 
lowing Giinther’s view. The tropical anchovies have, however, 4 
smaller number of vertebra: and a firmer texture of body than the 
species originally called Engraulis. I may note also the necessity of 
returning to Gymnothorax Bloch instead of Lycodontis. D. S. J. 
Miall and Hammond's Harlequin Fly.!— This is a book about 
an animal that has figured prominently in histological work for a 
generation. It is a book that is intended to facilitate the study of 
Chironomus, especially for inland naturalists, to whom it is so readily 
available, by setting forth in detail its habits and life history, present- 
ing a résumé of the studies hitherto made of it (chiefly on its salivary 
glands and its embryology), and adding many new and more or less 
interesting facts and observations.. The chapter headings are as 
follows: Outline of Life History, and Relations of Chironomus to 
Other Diptera; the Larva of Chironomus; the Fly of Chironomus ; 
1 Miall, L. C., and Hammond, A. R. Zhe Structure and Life History of the 
Harlequin Fly (Chironomus). Oxford, The Clarendon Press. 8vo, iv + 196 pP» 
129 figures 
