No. 414.] REVIEWS OF RECENT LITERATURE. 501 
If the one who would measure lacks in the anatomical and physio- 
logical understanding of his work and its aims, his work should be 
regulated and overseen up to its minutest details > one who has 
such qualities. 
The author ends his able paper by insisting once more upon the 
fact that “if a numerical expression of conditions, precious in all the 
sciences, can also occasionally be obtained with a sufficient accuracy 
in anatomy, respectively anthropology, it is only after a long theoreti- 
cal, doubled by a technical, preparation of the investigator." 
The North Americans of Yesterday. — In an attractive volume 
Mr. F. S. Dellenbaugh ! has described the Amerind race as it existed 
before the deterioration began from contact with the whites. The 
work is based upon a series of lectures delivered before the Lowell 
Institute of Boston in 1894. The author has adopted a “culture” 
rather than a “time classification "— in accordance with the present 
teachings of anthropology. In the introductory chapter popular 
errors regarding the character of the Amerind are pointed out and 
the fact emphasized that the whites surpassed them in cruelty. 
Popular contempt for the Amerind is largely due to ignorance. 
Of a fairly uniform physical type, the Amerinds are divided into 
many linguistic stocks, “as remarkable for their separation in a body 
from the Old World languages as in their separation from each other." 
The development of so many languages and dialects must have 
required a long period of isolation ; not only do we find a language 
for each group, but oftentimes a language for the priestly class and 
another for the people. By their picture-writing and hieroglyphs 
the Amerinds illustrate several stages in the development of written 
language. Southwest of the Sierra Nevadas painted characters are 
found; painted and scratched, from Colorado River to Georgia: 
elsewhere in America they are pecked or scratched. "The order of 
development of written characters is, first, mnemonic ; second, ideo- 
graphic; third, phonetic. The last stage was within the grasp of 
the Mayan stock ; they also had a well-developed numeral system. 
Among the industrial arts that pertain to savagery basketry is one 
of the earliest developed, and the Amerinds were conspicuously 
Successful as basket-makers. For the manufacture of pottery a 
!Dellenbaugh, F. S. Zhe North Americans of Yesterday. A Comparative 
Study of North-American Indian Life, Customs, and Products, on the Theory of 
the Ethnic Unity of the Race. New York, Putnams, 1901. 8vo, xxvi + 487 pp. 
Over 350 illustrations. 
