714 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. [Vor. XXXV. 
form much more closely than do the typical specimens from 
other localities. 
The habits of P. lucidus were first observed by McCook 
fully twenty years ago (80). His account is fragmentary and 
barely sufficient to show that the habits are essentially like 
those of the European form. In the nest which he observed 
the slaves belonged to F. pa//ide-fulva, subsp. schaufusst. The 
same slaves were observed in a mixed nest taken on Cape Cod 
by Mrs. Mary Treat (Mayr, '86, p. 424). According to Per- 
gande's observations cited by Wasmann (94, p. 164), F. pallide- 
fulva, subsp. nitidiventris, is the auxiliary species in the District 
of Columbia. In the case observed by McCook it was, of 
course, the F. schaufussi which determined the character of the 
nest, since Polyergus does not excavate. Hence the title of 
McCook's paper is misleading. His observations on the feed- 
ing habits of P. /ucidus are, as he remarks, “ chiefly confirmatory 
of those recorded by Huber, Forel, and others in the European 
Polyergus.” These, and a few additional notes on the belli- 
gerent disposition of this ant, are not, however, sufficient to 
leave no doubts in our minds that * our American species has 
precisely the same habit " of carrying on its dulotic expeditions, 
which he did not observe. Its slaves are certainly somewhat 
different in this country, and it is therefore to be presumed 
that the military tactics of the dulotic species may also be 
different.! 
To McCook's inapposite criticism of Darwin's 
ing the phylogenetic origin of dulosis, I shall 
to return in the sequel. 
views concern- 
have occasion 
22. Polyergus rufescens Latr., subsp. breviceps Emery. 
This subspecies (Fig. 15, 2, 4), founded on specimens from 
South Dakota and Colorado, resembles the European rufescens 
still more closely than does /ucidus, since it has the "T 
sculpturing, opacity, and pilosity. It is, however, somewha 
smaller, with a relatively shorter head, and its antennal scape 
is distinctly enlarged towards their tip. . breviceps 18 ae 
dently the form observed by McCook (82, P. 384) in! pu 
American Faq 
1 Cf. the above-quoted observations of Forel on the 
