720 THE AMERICAN NATURALIST. [Vor. XXXV. 
queens of Anergates in a normal colony of Tetramorium com- 
prising a queen and her progeny. He also placed a consider- 
able number of the larvae, pupze, and male and female imagines 
of Anergates in a normal colony of Tetramorium which were 
living in an artificial nest. In all cases the strangers were 
almost at once amicably received. Wasmann (91, p. 142) 
obtained similar results in Holland. He observed that strange 
Tetramoriums did not in the least injure the male or female 
Anergates which he gave them, whereas they killed without 
mercy the Strongylognathus testaceus males or females that 
were placed in their nest. I have reported an experiment 
made on the same subject (96, p. 27). I have also performed 
the following experiment: A normal colony of Tetramorium 
cespitum provided with a deálated queen, and a normal colony 
of Anergates comprising an obese queen, some slender young 
queens, some males and some Tetramorium workers — both 
colonies comprising about the same number of individuals — 
were put together in an artificial nest. There ensued some 
struggles of relatively little importance, but some days later the 
obese queen was found lying dead in the midst of a cluster of 
Tetramoriums which seemed to be caring for her assiduously. 
Some weeks later all the Anergates males and females had dis- 
appeared, so that the colony again became a normal colony of 
Tetramorium. Von Hagens (67) kept a single formicary of 
Anergates under observation during several consecutive years 
in the same place. It is difficult to assume that the number 
of Tetramoriums may be maintained in an Anergates colony by 
the introduction in one way or another of newcomers, $0 that 
I am inclined to believe with Wasmann (91, p. 143) that the 
duration of such a colony is limited to the duration of the life 
of the Tetramoriums. 
25. Epecus pergandei Emery. 
Emery (94, p. 274) believes that this species, like Ane 
gates, has no worker forms. Up to the present time it has 
been taken only once, when Mr. Pergande found it in a nes: 
of Monomorium minutum Mayr, var. minimum Buckley, ye 
Washington, D.C. This nest contained not only the wing 
