BERLIN, MARYLAND, U. S. A. 11 
FORMULAS FOR SPRAY MIXTURES 
1. CONCENTRATED LIME-SULFUR—Home-Made: 

Best stone lime (at least 95% calcium oxide) ...... . . 50 lbs. 
Sulfur (any kind finely ground, 98% pure) ...... . . . 100 lbs. 
Water . . . 50 gals. 
Heat 20 gals. of water in an ‘iron ‘vat or “by steam in barrels; add stone lime 
and sulfur gradually. Vigorous action will take place and cold ‘water should be 
near at hand to be added gradually, to make a total of about 55 gals. Boil for 
1 hour. For dormant spraying, dilute at the rate of 1 to 9. For summer spray, 
dilute 1 to 40. 
Commercial.—Lime-sulfur solution may be purchased from various firms. 
It should be diluted as above. Soluble oils may be substituted 1 to 15 for dor- 
mant spray. 
2. SELF-BOILED LIME-SULFUR: 
Flowers of sulfur. . a AMS (52 e) fookay pooner OSs 
Stone lime of good quality etait &. =) ane eres oS. ba; 
Water . . . . 50 gals. 
Start the lime to ‘slaking with a little water. (Use hot water if lime is slow- 
acting.) As soon as the lime begins to slake rapidly, add the sulfur and stir 
continuously, adding just enough water from time to time to form a thin paste 
and to allow the mixture to boil violently for from three to five minutes. Add 
cold water to prevent any further action of the lime. Strain at once into spray 
tank. Add water to make 50 gals. Larger quantities in the same proportion 
may be made, but greater care will be required to prevent the mixture from 
becoming too hot, in which case the sulfur will be dissolved and a red scum will 
form on the surface. This red material will i injure the foliage and fruits. When 
applying this spray, a good agitator is essential. Atomic sulfur, a commercial 
product, used at the rate of 5 lbs. to 50 gals., may be substituted. 
3. BORDEAUX MIXTURE: 
Copper sulfate (Blue-stone) tes ihe te sleerey cue ee o+})d Did ce Bey 2 4b 
NLOMEHLIMG Of POOGLGUALI EU ar. tate usc is cries au san <a Taah jebete ety 41S 
Water . . 50 gals. 
Dissolve the blue-stone by suspending it in a bag near the surface of a few 
gallons of water contained in a wooden or earthen vessel. Slake the lime and 
add several gallons of water so as to make milk of lime. Pour the blue-stone 
into the spray tank and add enough water to make 20 to 30 gals.; then strain 
the milk of lime into the barrel, agitating the mixture vigorously. Add water 
to make 50 gals. Use immediately. 
STOCK SOLUTIONS: 
Dissolve blue-stone at rate of 1 Ib. to 1 gal. water. Slake lime and dilute at 
rate of 1 lb. to r gal. Keep in separate covered containers until ready to make 
bordeaux according to above formula. Prepared bordeaux, either dry or in 
paste, or Pyrox may be substituted. 
. ARSENICALS: 
ee of lead is the standard stomach poison. It is furnished in both the 
powder and paste form. The powder is much the easier to use as it can be used 
dry, as a dust, or combined with liquids. The paste is not easily kept for any 
length of time because of evaporation, and hence cannot be held over from one 
season to another as easily as the powder. 
Arsenate of lime is effective for truck crops and is about two cents cheaper per 
pound. Arsenite of zine is a quick-acting poison, valuable for truck-crop work. 
All of the above powdered materials should be used at the rate of 1 Ib. per 
50 gals. of spray for the ordinary insects. Beetles usually require 1% Ibs. per 
50 gals. Twice as much paste would be required in each case. Any of the 
poisons may be combined with the spray for diseases. 
6. NICOTINE SPRAYS.—Nicotine in various forms and under such trade 
name as Black-Leaf 40, may be purchased from manufacturers, and should 
be used as directed in the schedule for aphis. 
7. PINE-TAR CREOSOTE EMULSION: 
Pine=tarereosotent fis ee ests | 2) Ried) Suet os wall 
Cashicisotla Pitt) an elites). eimutisie socdisel. ecizaSOlb, 
Water . yo TE gala. 
Dissolve the caustic soda in 1 gal. water ina large vessel; stir in vigorously 
the creosote, add 11 gals. water, to make an 8% solution and strain into spray 
barrel. Used for woolly aphis. 
10. WORMING PEACH TREES: 
The knife and a flexible wire is still the best method for combating the peach- 
tree borer. Pull the earth away from the tree crowns one day prior to worm. 
ing. This allows the tree to dry and shows up the new “‘castings” or ‘‘frass" 
to good advantage, thus facilitating the finding of the borers. Take out the 
borers in May, mound up the earth, and worm again in October, leaving the 
earth level around the tree. 

Come to /Berlin at any time of the year and see our nurseries. 
— us know when you will arrive and an automobile will be at your 
8 ce. 
