BERLIN, MARYLAND, U. S. A. 9 

[ 
Put the material on with force, drive it into every nook. Get a machine that 
will do this 
° 
Spraying 
Spraying is a vital necessity if money is to be made from fruit. It 
doesn’t pay to miss one season, even if enemies are not visible. Spray- 
ing has an invigorating effect on trees, besides controlling enemies. 
There are three classes of enemies spraying will control—chewing 
insects, sucking insects, and fungi. Each class requires a different 
remedy, but the remedies can be combined most of the time. 
Spraying during the dormant period is distinctly different from 
spraying on foliage. Materials several times as strong can be used 
and are needed to control the scales. 
On account of the life-habits of enemies, often only two to seven 
days are available for any one spraying. Do the work then. Put the 
material on with force and cover every inch of bark and leaf. 
Get a sprayer that is big enough, that will give one hundred to two 
hundred and fifty pounds of air-pressure, that is adapted to your land 
and trees, and that is durable. Get a power outfit, if possible, for it 
does better work than a hand-pump can. 
The spraying programme ordinarily resolves itself into two, three, 
‘or four applications—one while trees are dormant, with lime-sulfur 
solution, and the others on blossoms and fruit with self-boiled lime- 
sulfur, or diluted lime-sulfur, with arsenate of lead added, or maybe 
with bordeaux and lead. All applications must be guided by careful 
study. 
Borers will attack fruit trees in spite of all we can do and will kill 
many trees if left alone, Trees must be gone over several times each 
year, and should be gone over each April and August. Spraying and 
painting with lime-sulfur sediment will help in keeping down the 
numbers of borers. 
The table of spraying operations (see following page) gives all the 
information needed to keep your trees in prime condition. The main 
point is to spray at the right time. (We are indebted to the Mary- 
land State College of Agriculture for this complete table, and formulas.) 
SPRAYING POINTERS 
. Use a machine of adequate capacity. 
. If a power sprayer is used, consider weight, type of pump, and 
simplicity of the engine and its gearing to the pump. 
. Valves should be easily accessible and preferably of the ball type. 
Packing should be easily replaced. 
. Relief valves should be simple and reliable. 
. Propeller agitation is the most satisfactory. 
. Get the best accessories. Cut-offs should be two-way and quick 
in action. 
7. Nozzles should be of the angle type, of large capacity, with a 
minimum number of parts. 
8. Wire-wound hose is cheapest in the end and best for orchard work. 
9. Spray to cover every part of the tree or crop. 
10. Strain your materials thoroughly. 
11. Have adequate water-supply, preferably under pressure. 
NH 
on w 
