• Indemnity for high-risk, suspect, and scrapie-positive sheep and goats that owners 

 agree to destroy; 



• Scrapie hve-animal testing; 



• Genetic testing; and 



• Testing of exposed animals that have been sold out of infected and source flocks 

 or herds. 



Role of Accredited Veterinarians in Scrapie Eradication — Accredited 

 veterinarians will play an integral role in the eradication of scrapie. Within the 

 eradication program, they are required to report scrapie suspects to State and 

 Federal authorities. In addition to this critical role, accredited veterinarians are the 

 producers' primary source of education about all aspects of the program, including 

 identification, recordkeeping, and shipping requirements. When requested by the 

 producer, accredited veterinarians can apply official eartags, collect and submit 

 samples for official genotype tests and eventually third-eyelid tests, and issue 

 Certificates of Veterinary Inspection for interstate movement. [A special accreditation 

 certification may be required for veterinarians to collect third-eyelid test samples.] 

 Additionally, accredited veterinarians will also play a very important role in educating 

 producers about the disease and in assisting producers with the prevention and 

 elimination of scrapie. 



Information on the issuance of Certificates of Veterinary Inspection for sheep and 

 goats and on identification of sheep and goats can be found in the "Sheep and Goat" 

 section under the "Animal Movement" heading. 



Additional information on the APHIS National Scrapie Program may be found at 

 <http://www.aphis.usda.gov/vs/nahps/scrapie>. 



Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) 



BSE, widely referred to as "mad cow disease," is a chronic degenerative TSE disease 

 affecting the central nervous system of cattle. 



BSE was first diagnosed in 1986 in Great Britain. Since then, more than 185,000 cases 

 have been confirmed worldwide. More than 95 percent of these have occurred in the 

 United Kingdom, but the disease has also been confirmed in native-born cattle in 

 the following countries: Austria, Belgium, Canada, the Czech Republic, Denmark, 

 Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Luxembourg, 

 Liechtenstein, the Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, 

 Switzerland, and the United States. 



Cattle affected by BSE experience progressive degeneration of the nervous system. 

 Affected animals may display changes in temperament (nervousness or aggression), 

 abnormal posture, incoordination and difficulty in rising, decreased milk production. 



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