7 
In addition, 5 of the 10 federated associations not included in these 
totals had $16 million in net business volume for 1952 after deducting 
for intercooperative business. On a net basis, two of seven federated 
associations had $11 million in net business volume for 1964. 1/ With 
these amounts added in, the total cooperative fruit and vegetable volume 
rose from $386 million in 1952 to $533 million in 1964 -- a 38 percent 
increase. 
The number of fresh fruit and vegetable cooperatives, classified by 
dollar volume of business in 1952 and 1964, provides an indication of 
business trends for these associations. Of all cooperatives operating 
in 1952, 123 associations, or 21 percent, had a volume of $1 million 
or more. In 1964, 153 associations, or 37 percent, had a volume of $1 
million or more. The trend toward larger size was also evident for 
fresh fruit and vegetable cooperatives that operated continuously over 
the 1952-64 period. The proportion of cooperatives in the $1 million 
class or over increased from 30 percent in 1952 to 42 percent in 1964. 
Figure 4 and appendix table 3 show the average dollar volume of business 
of all cooperatives marketing fresh fruits and vegetables in the various 
geographic regions of the United States in 1952 and 1964. In 1952 the 
New England region ranked first in average business volume, South 
Atlantic region second, Pacific Coast region third, and the Middle Atlan- 
tic region fourth. By 1964 only the fourth-ranked Middle Atlantic region 
held its earlier position. The South Atlantic region ranked first, the 
Pacific Coast second, and New England third. 
Figure 5 and appendix table 4 show the average dollar volume of business 
of cooperatives marketing specified major product groups for 1952 and 
1964. The average volume of business for associations operating in 
1964 increased over 1952 for every major product group. 
Member-Volume Ratios.--The two principle measures of cooperative size-- 
number of memberships and dollar volume of business--moved in opposite 
directions for fresh fruit and vegetable associations over the 1952-64 
period. Average memberships were down and average volume was up. 
Both measures considered together for 1952 and 1964 show shifting con- 
centration patterns (table 3). In 1952 cooperatives with an annual 
business volume of less than $500,000 accounted for 61 percent of all 
cooperatives, and nearly half had memberships numbering 26 to 100. In 
1/ Since federated cooperatives are made up of individual cooperatives, 
such organizations must necessarily be excluded from consideration when 
product values are involved to avoid double counting. However, the num- 
ber of federated associations indicated for 1952 and 1964 performed mar- 
keting services for individuals not members of another coooperative or 
for private firms. The respective amounts for 1952 and 1964 refer to 
the product values involved in these marketing services. 
