GRAFTING 



613 



.scion. 



tiect up 



rafficc 



Explain how grafting of fruit tree is done. 



and other plants have underground rootstocks which form new 

 shoots that become new plants. Tubers, as the potato, and 

 bulbs, as the onion or lily, 

 are other examples of growth 

 known as vegetative propa- 

 gation. Such methods of 

 growth give fixed types of 

 plants and are much used by 

 plant breeders to propagate 

 certain plants which usually 

 cannot reproduce themselves. 

 Regeneration. In certain 

 animals, lost parts grow again 

 by cell division. A natworm 

 may be cut into as many 

 as twenty pieces, each one of 

 which will grow into or regen- 

 erate a new worm. Earth- 

 worms regenerate lost segments and starfish lost rays. Crus- 

 taceans regenerate lost antennae or other appendages; it is 

 common for the fiddler crab, when caught by a claw, to detach 

 the claw, in his struggle to escape from his enemies. A new claw 



will grow out later 

 on the stump of 

 the old one. The 

 common swift, a 

 lizard, can throw 

 off its tail to 

 escape being 

 caught ; a new 

 tail may later be 

 regenerated. 



Grafting. A 

 familiar method 

 of reproducing 

 This consists in 

 applying a portion of a tree of the desired variety (called the scion) 



rea&y 



"bldfctick Tshaped 



cut in bark 



inserted 



Explain how budding is accomplished 



\)\ia. tied 

 in plade^ 

 with wffkt 



desirable varieties of fruit trees is by grafting. 



