INDEX 



693 



Bones, relation to muscles, 319-322 



Bony-fish, egg-laying habits of, 247-248 



Boveri, work on chromosomes, 670 



Bracers, in medicines, 355 



Bracket fungus, 194-195 



Brain, 429 ; localization of functions in, 

 434 ; parts of, 432 ; structure of, 432- 

 433 



Brains, of various vertebrates, 433 



Bread making, and yeast, 192-193 



Breathing, hygienic habits of, 407; 

 mechanics of, 406-407; of fish, 245; 

 of frog, 251 



Breeding, animal, 624-625; plant and 

 animal, 670-672 ; practical results in, 

 624 ; present problems in, 625-626 



Breeding experiments, Mendel's, 620- 

 623 



Bronchial tubes, 403-404 



Bruises, treatment for, 401 



Bryophyta, 180; classification of, 203; 

 mosses, 202-203 



Bubonic plague, cause of, 491 



Budding, method of, 613, 614 ; of yeast, 

 191 



Bumblebees, 70 ; life history of, 70 



Bundles, fibrovascular, 136-137, 144, 

 168, 170 



Burbank, Luther, work on plant breed- 

 ing, 624 ; fruits and vegetables im- 

 proved by him, 671-672 



Bureau of Agriculture, work on insect 

 control, 567-568 



Butter-and-eggs, how pollinated, 91 



Buttercup family, 210-211 



Butterfly, compared with moths, 68- 

 69 ; laboratory exercise on, 65. See 

 Monarch butterfly. 



Cactus, 301, 302 



Calorie, defined, 328 ; need, 343-344 



Calorie requirement, workbook exercises 



on daily, 343-344 

 Calories, needed, of various nutrients, 



341 

 Calorimeter, use of, 328, 329 

 Calyx, of flower, 83, 84 

 Cambium layer, 167-168 

 Canning, and bacteria, 458 

 Capillaries, 395, 396 ; structure of, 398, 



399 

 Carapace, of crayfish, 233 

 Carbohydrate-making, compared to 



milling, 160-161 

 Carbohydrates, 30-31 ; air needed by 



plants to make, 157 ; chlorophyll 



needed by plants to make, 157-158 ; 



light' needed by plants to make, 157- 



158 

 Carbon cycle, 286 

 Carbon dioxide, demonstration on need 



of plants for, 158-159 ; test for, 25 

 Carnivores, 268-269 



Carrell, preparation of Dakin solution 

 by, 664-665 



Carriers, and typhoid, 469 



Carrot family, 212 



Catbird, 556-557 



Cats, harm done by, 546 



Cell, as a unit of structure and function, 

 222; body, 627-628; described by 

 Hooke, 38-39; division of, 48, 612- 

 613; germ, 627; guard, 152, 153; 

 laboratory exercise on plant and 

 animal, 46 ; mitotic division of, 49 ; 

 multiplication of, 48-49 ; of Elodea, 46 ; 

 respiration of, 405 ; sap, 145 ; sex, 48- 

 49, 627; structure of, 46; structure 

 of leaf, 152-153 



Centipede, 239 



Central nervous system, 430 ; functions 

 of, 434-435 



Cephalopods, 241-242 



Cerebellum, 429; function, 432, 433, 

 434 ; position of, 432 



Cerebrum, 429; function of, 433, 434; 

 size in various lower animals, 433 ; 

 structure of, 432 



Character-determiners, in chromosomes, 

 626-627 



Characters, dominant, 621, 630-631; 

 inheritable, 630-631 ; law of unit, 621 ; 

 recessive, 621, 630-631 



Chemical elements, in human body, 24 



Chestnut blight, 194 



Chewing food, need for, 370 



Chickadee, 553-554 ; food of, 548 



Chlorophyll, 135 ; demonstration to show 

 use to plant, 158 ; needed by plants, 

 157-159 



Chloroplasts, 159 ; function of, 46 ; com- 

 pared to mill, 160 



Chromosomes, bearers of heredity, 626- 

 627; behavior in reduction division, 

 627, 630; functions of, 48-49; loca- 

 tion of genes in fruit fly, 627-628 ; 

 number in body cells, 627 ; number in 

 sex cells, 627-628; workers on, 670- 

 671 



Cicada, life history of, 77, 78 



Cilia, of Paramecium, 220 



Circulation, demonstration to show in 

 plant, 168-169 ; effect of exercise on, 

 400-401 ; in a plant, 166-177 ; of blood 

 in body, 395-401; portal, 398; 

 pulmonary, 397-398 ; systemic, 397 



Circulatory system, diagram on, 400; 

 of fish, 246-247 ; of frog, 251-252 



City supervision, and health, 600-601 



Clams, used for food, 532-533 



Classification, devised by Linnaeus, 668 ; 

 of living things, 177-178; of plants, 

 180 



Cloaca, of frog, 368 



Clothing, relation to skin, 318 



Clover, how pollinated, 92 



