NURSEIl YMEN — ORCHARDISTS 11 



FORMULAS FOR SPRAY MIXTURES 



1. CONCENTRATED LIME-SULFUR— Home-Made: 



Best stone lime (at least 95% calcium oxide) 50 lbs. 



Sulfur (any kind finely ground, 98% pure) 100 lbs. 



Water . 50 gals. 



Heat 20 gals, of water in an iron vat or by steam in barrels; add 

 stone lime and sulfur gradually. Vigorous action will take place and 

 cold water should be near at hand to be added gradually, to make a 

 total of about 55 gals. Boil for 1 hour. For dormant spraying, dilute 

 at the rate of 1 to 9. For summer spray, dilute 1 to 40. 



Commercial. — Lime-sulfur solution may be purchased from various 

 firms. It should be diluted as above. Soluble oils may be substituted 

 1 to 15 tor dormant spray. 



2. SELF-BOILED LIME-SULFUR: 



Flowers of sulfur 8 lbs. 



Stone lime of good quality 8 lbs. 



Water 50 gals. 



Start the lime to slaking with a little water. (Use hot water if lime 

 is slow-acting.) As soon as the lime begins to slake rapidly, add the 

 sulfur and stir continuously, adding just enough water from time to time 

 to form a thin paste and to allow the mixture to boil violently for from 

 three to five minutes. Add cold water to prevent any further action of 

 the lime. Strain at once into spray tank. Add water to make 50 gals. 

 Larger quantities in the same proportion may be made, but greater care 

 will be required to prevent the mixture from becoming too hot, in which 

 case the sulfur will be dissolved and a red scum will form on the surface. 

 This red material will injure the foliage and fruits. When applying this 

 spray, a good agitator is essential. Atomic sulfur, a commercial prod- 

 uct, used at the rate of 5 lbs. to 50 gals., may be substituted. 



3. BORDEAUX MIXTURE: 



Copper sulfate (Blue-stone) 4 lbs- 

 Stone lime of good quality 4 lbs. 



Water 50 gals. 



Dissolve the blue-stone by suspending it in a bag near the surface of 

 a few gallons of water contained in a wooden or earthen vessel. Slake 

 the lime and add several gallons of water so as to make milk of lime. 

 Pour the blue-stone into the spray tank and add enough water to make 

 20 to 30 gals. : then strain the milk of lime into the barrel, agitating the 

 mixture vigorously. Add water to make 50 gals. Use immediately. 



STOCK SOLUTIONS: 



Dissolve blue-stone at rate of 1 lb. to 1 gal. water. vSlake lime and 

 dilute at rate of 1 lb. to 1 gal. Keep in separate covered containers 

 until ready to make bordeaux according to above formula. Prepared 

 bordeaux, either drv or in paste, or Pyrox may be substituted. 



4. ARSENICALS: 



Arsenate of lead is the standard stomach poison. It is furnished in 

 both the powder and paste form. The powder is much the easier to use 

 as it can be used dry, as a dust, or combined with liquids. The paste 

 is not easily kept for any length of time because of evaporation, and 

 hence cannot be held over from one season to another as easily as the 

 powder. 



Arsenate of lime is effective for truck crops and is about two cents 

 cheaper per pound. Arsenite of zinc is a quick-acting poison, valuable 

 for truck-crop work. 



