8 Cincinnati Society of Natural History. 
exhibits crystalline limestones. It is highly fossiliferous. Estimated 
thickness, including the lignite at its base, 112 feet. 
The Grand Gulf Group covers an immense extent of country south 
of the Vicksburg Group, and is composed essentially of clays and 
sandstones, the latter generally rather aluminous and soft, and of 
‘white-gray and yellowish-gray tints; the sand being very sharp. It - 
takes its name from the bluff at Grand Gulf on the Mississippi river, 
where it is well exposed. It is overlaid near the coast by strata of 
Pliocene and Post-pliocene age. Estimated thickness, 150 feet. 
Prof. F. 8S. Holmes* made three vertical sections of the Post- phogete 
strata of South Carolina in descending order as follows: - 
1. The marine bed of the Wadmalur, consisting of yellow sand, 15 
feet; ferruginous sand with casts of shells, 2 feet; red clay, 2 feet; and 
gray sand and mud with comminuted shells and fossils in fine preser- 
vation, 34 feet. , 
2. The Ashley river beds, consisting of yellow sands with bands of 
ferruginous clay, 4 feet, and blue mud resting on the white Hocene 
marl, 1 foot. 
3. The Goose creek beds, consisting of yellow sand, 12 feet; blue 
mud, 2 feet; ferruginous sand containing bones, 3 inches; yellow sand, 
3 feet; and Pliocene marl resting on the Eocene white marl, 12 feet. 
The fossil bones obtained from these strata are often in a fine state 
of preservation, especially those taken from the blue mud, which are 
generally petrified; those from the sands are likewise well preserved, 
but in the peaty or upper beds they are not so petrified, retain all their 
gelatin and appear to decompose rapidiy. ‘They consist of the bones 
_ of horses, hogs, dogs, rabbits, beavers, the tapir, and other mammalian 
remains. 
T, A. Conradt Teves tesuk from the Eocene of Alabama and Missis- 
sippi, Hailia pergracilis, Volutilithes limopsis, V. rugatus, Athleta 
leioderma, Simpulum showwalteri, S. autopsis, S. exilis, Galeodia tri- 
carinata, Cithara nereidis, Murex morulus, Pseudoliva tuberculifera, 
Scala lintea, S. octolineata, S. staminea, Acteonina subvaricata, 
- Tornatellea bella, Cerithioderma prima, Mazzalina pyrula, Leda. 
bella, DOW Nuculana bella, L. eborea, now N. eborea, Axinea belli- 
sculpta, Diplodonta astartiformis, D, deltoidea, Crenella latifrons; 
from Texas, Pseudoliva carinata, P. fusiformis, P. linosa, Piper 
spectiva, and Monoptygma crassiplica. 
* Proc. Acad. Nat. Sci., vol. ii., and in Post-pliocene Foss. S. Carolina. 
+ Jour. Acad. Nat. Sci., 2d ser., vol. iv. 
