124 Cincinnati Society of Natural History. 
former existence of glaciers. The numerous canons cut through the 
soft shales, marls, and sandstones, are formed so regularly, and 
agree so thoroughly with the pronounced stratigraphical conditions, 
that they admit of no other agency having shaped them than water. 
Ascending any one of them toward the main divide, the upward slope 
is found very even, its valley widening wherever other creeks or streams 
enter, and its entire character in conformity with the view regarding 
it as the result of the action of flowing water. 
Dr, A. C. Peale made a section of the Roan cliffs, at White Moun- 
tain, on Grand river, where he found the thickness of the Wasatch 
Group, measured by angles taken with the gradienter, to be 1,650 feet, 
and the Green River Group, 2,282 feet. ie 
George M. Dawson* referred the lignite and basaltic series in the 
basins of the Blackwater, Salmon, and Nechacco rivers, and on Fran- 
cois lake, in British Columbia, to one group, which, on the evidence 
of the fossil plants, corresponds with the Miocene of Alaska and Green- 
land. The basaltic and other igneous flows form the latter part of the 
group, but blend with the underlying sedimentary beds, and form an 
integral part of the whole. No trace, however, is found of rocks due 
to voleanic action since the period of the drift. The sources of the 
immense flows of molten matter have been numerous ; for, beside the 
many dykes found traversing the older rocks, which may, at one time, 
have been fissures giving exit to lava streams, beds characterized by 
a roughly brecciated character appear in many places, and can scarce- 
ly have been formed far from the mouths of larger or smaller vents, 
capable of ejecting fragments. Between the region of the upper waters 
of the Blackwater and Salmon rivers, and the Bella Coola, three 
masses of broken mountains represent as many centers of former very 
great volcanic activity. 
Samuel H. Scudder described, from the Tertiary at Quesnel, British 
Columbia, Sciara deperdita, Euschistus antiquus, Lachnus quesnelt, 
Bothromicromus lachlani, and Aranea columbia. 
The striz upon the rocks of New Hampshiret are extremely variable 
in their course. A few extremes are as follows: S. 2° E.; S. 83° E. ; 
S. 58° W.; N. 40° W.; N. 83° E. 
Bible hill, in Claremont, rises about 350 feet above the plain of the 
village, at its northern base. What is supposed to be the normal direc- 
tion of the strie is about S. 12° W., which occurs commonly west of 
*Geo. Sur. of Canada. 
+ Geo. of N. Hampshire, vol. iii. 
