226 Cincinnati Society of Natural History. 
of Wisconsin, Iowa, and Minnesota, and look at the “Natural 
Section of Hills, Upper Mississippi; “ Cliff of Lower Magnesian 
Limestone, Plum Creek;’’ “Alterations of Magnesian Limestone and 
Sandstone, Kickapoo;” “ Lagrange Mountain;’ “Castellated appear- 
ance of Lower Magnesian Limestone, Upper Iowa;” “Lower Mag- 
nesian Limestone, Upper Iowa;” “Cliffs of Lower Magnesian Lime- 
stone, Upper Iowa River;” “Outlier of Sandstone, Kinnikinick;” 
“Outcrop of Upper Magnesian Limestone and Shell Beds, Turkey 
River,” and you will be enabled to form some idea of the bluffs, cliffs, 
castellated rocks, and pinnacled outliers, that are so utterly inconsistent 
with the glacial hypothesis. 
Such scenes are also presented in the State of Wisconsin, both within 
what is universally conceded to be the driftless area and without it- 
Two of these curious isolated eminences are situated in Dark Hollow, 
north of Wingville, on the head waters of the Blue river, near the 
junction of Badger Hollow, and composed of the Upper Sandstone, as 
illustrated in Hall’s Geological Survey. Another called the ‘*‘ Stand 
Rock,’’ in the Dells of the Wisconsin, forms the frontispiece to Vol. ii, 
of Chamberlin’s Survey. But Prof. R. D. Irving informs us that a 
remarkable feature of all of the palzozoic portion of central Wisconsin, 
is the occurrence of dsolated ridges and peaks, rising from 100 to 300 
feet abruptly, and often precipitously from the low ground around 
them, and composed of horizontally stratified sandstone, or of sand- 
stone capped with limestone. Such outlying bluffs lie all along the 
face of the high limestone country of Columbia and Dane counties, 
and are, generally, there capped by the same limestone that forms the 
elevated land, of which they are themselves fragments, others, again, 
and these are nearly all entirely of sandstone, occur scattered widely 
over the central plain of Adams and Juneau counties, often covering 
but a small area, and showing bare rocks from the base to the summit, 
which not infrequently are worn into jagged pinnacles and towers. He 
says the driftless area occupies 12,000 square miles (but the map indi- 
cates about 13,000 square miles ) of the southwestern part of Wisconsin, 
or nearly one fourth the entire area of the State and that over this area 
the drift is not merely insignificant, but absolutely wanting. The line 
of separation of the driftless from the drift area, is thus traced: 
Entering the State from the south, on the southern line of Greene 
county, the drift limit traverses this county centrally from south to 
north, and continues northward through western Dane and central 
Sauk; then curving eastward across the southern end of Adams, it 
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