devoted tn the restoration pio'^raTi would riecessariHy "be of types not ads.pted 

 to pr-»f it '."b-l 3 a.^'icvl'y>:jr^l uses; or thct they wculc^ oe sit'OP.ted v/here the 

 results of the soil-^conservation and T7ater--crntrol ine?:,sures necessary for 

 wildliie-mrnagement oocratiors V70u?d he of great iciport'U'-ce to the general 

 land-utilization prcgrrin, 



Tor the nininuii require-nents of waterf o^7l , ch'nat 7j500,0C0 acres of 

 narsh ;;,nd water refuge areas are needed on the "breeding grovjads, along the 

 coui^ses C'f tne foui' ma.jor flTT.'ays, and -^n the v/intcring grounds used "by those 

 oirds, Ahcut half the re'^uired total has now "been acquired or is in process 

 of acquisition. The areas making up the remainder are already Icicwn and can 

 Do acqtiired as 'nccns are provided o 



To maintain adeouate stocks of rouirigratcry species in the United 

 States, including big gojne and upland "birds and maiemals, 3,968,000 acres 

 have nor' "been o"Dta.ined "by tho Biological Survey, and some additional lands 

 are needed^ The lluriiv':.:,c Isl.i\nd Refuge in Alaska includes 1,111,000 acres. 

 The co'Tipletion of this acquisition and developannt program: v/ill not dis- 

 pose of the prc"ble:n, "nov'evcr, since conditions governing land use do not 

 remain stahle and iminuta"ble. They uust change constantly to i.ieet the con- 

 stantly changing requirements of the people, and provision for the main- 

 tenance of wildlife must he sufficiently flexi"ble to allow ad.ju?:tment. 



Development of Wildlif e-Frrt ective Legislation 



In addition to the regular appropriations made to the S-jxvey for 

 resea,rch, game management, and regulatory activities , two acts of Congress 

 now provide moderate "but continuing f-onds for a land utilization and dLevol— 

 oprcent programc 'The first of tnosc is the Federal lligratcr?;' Bird Hunting 

 Stamp Act of 1934p which annually supplies ahout twp—thirds of a million 

 dollars for land r.c qui sit ion and use in the v/aterfowl restoration program. 

 The e-econdj enacted in 1937, is the Federal Aid to Wildlife Rgstcrrtion 

 Act, authorizing the annual approprir ticn of reno\uitr equal to the revenues 

 received from the 10-percent tax on rxns and ammunition. The revenue from 

 this excise- has amounted to- ahout $3,000,^00 annually. F-ends appropriated 

 under the Federal-aid measure will "be allotted to the States on a ccoperar- 

 tive basis w'nerehy each participating State is to pay one-fourth ci the 

 total cost of the projects undertaken under the terns of the act. Inasmuch 

 as the act principally requires and specifically encoiirages the State con- 

 servation agencies to use these Federal allotments to -.cquire and develop 

 land for wildlife purposes, i^ is apparent that over a period of years many 

 millions of acres of land vill be gradually added to the -cctal area now a- 

 vailahle for wildlife. 



The development of land-use policies f-vora'ble to wildlife is gra^d- 

 ually hringing ahcut an important change in the utilization of wildlife 

 itself. Laws, regulations, and ordinances concerned with the taking of 

 gan^e, fur animads, and fishes consitute a class of legislation that is 

 nearlj as old as the history of the white ran in America. 3v such meas- 

 ures the colonists tried to maintain an a'oundance of wildlife within. ea.sy 

 reach cf their settlements. Unahle as yet to depend entirely upon their 



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