The up land-game "birds include the rock, willow, and white-tailed 

 ptarmigans and the sharp-tailed, sooty, spruce (fool hen) , and ruffed 

 grouse . Introduced "birds are the ring-necked pheasant snd the Hungarian 

 partridge,. The ring-necked pheasant is reported to "be doing well in 

 southeastern Alaska. 



Predaceous "birds are the goshawk, the Cooper's, red-tailed, sparrow, 

 sharp- skinned, duck, marsh, snd rough-legged hawks, and the osprey; the 

 "bald and golden eagles; the great homed, great gray, snowy, short-eared, 

 Hichardson, and saw-whet owls. Havens, crows, and magpies occur. 



Among the many song and insectivorous "birds found in summer may "be 

 listed several species of sparrows and the ro"bin, camp rohber or Alaska 

 jay, kinglets, chickadees, nuthatches, thr•a'^^hes, woodpeckers, "black"birds, 

 "butcher"bird or shrike, kingfisher, juncos, longspurs, snow huntings, war'b- 

 lers, gro3"beak, cross"bills, swallows, "blue"birds, and hiomminghirds. 



■^aterfowl include the Tjhistling swan and the economically important 

 ducks and geese that nest a'bijuidpjitly in Alaska and annaally migrate to 

 the States to augment the himting supply. The ducks comprise the pintail, 

 mallard, green-winged teal, canvasback, "baldpate, old squaw» mergansers, 

 harlequin, goldeneyes, scaups, scoters, "bufflehead, and the Pacific and 

 king eiders. The geese include the Canada, cackJing, lesser snow, "black 

 hrant, white-fronted, and emperor. In addition is the little brown crane* 



Sea "birds are the gulls, jaegers, cormorants, puffins, murres, miir- 

 relets, auklets, shearwaters, loons, terns, gre"bes, fulmar, guillemots, 

 and petrels. Shore"birds include the sandpipers, curlews, plovers, snipe, 

 yellowlegs, and phalaropes, ■ 



Fresh-water fishes include the Dolly Vaxden, cutthroat, steelhead, 

 Mackinaw or lake, rainbow, and eastern brook (introduced) trouts, and 

 the whitefish, grayling, blaclcTish, and pickerel. Salt-water fishes in- 

 clude the silver (coho), chtTm(keta), pink (humpback), red (sockeye), 

 and king salr.ons, and the halibut, ling-cod, tomcod, rockfish, herring, 

 smelt, sablefish, and flo-under. 



Sea mammals are the riglit, gray, sei, blue, fin, humpback, least ror- 

 qual, bowhead, and white (beluga) whales, the Dall and common porpoises, 

 walrus, the fur, hair, bearded (oogruk) , and ribbon seals, sm.lion, and 

 sea otter. Other marine-animal life includes several kinds of edibid 

 clams, crabs, and shrimps. 



Insects are important as a food for certain birds, and some forms 

 are chiefly of note as pestiferous to man and animals. The abundant 

 gnats and mosquitoes in places are extremely bothersome. The warble and 

 nose flies of the reindeer and caribou are serious and sometimes fatal 

 pests. The rabbit tick may' transmit the .disease tularemia. Some of the 



