WILSON, 1905. 67 
logical examination. This called for considerable work in diagnosis 
in the laboratory. The results of the examinations showed that 
European foul brood and American foul brood were the diseases of 
bees which attracted most interest in the State. 
Bacillus alvei was found to possess a number of flagella arranged 
peritrichic instead of one flagellum at a pole, as Harrison at first 
reported, but later accredited Cowan with the statement (p. 56). 
The fact that Bacillus alvet was supplied by more than one flagellum 
had already been pointed out by Lamboite. 
Concerning Bacillus “X”’ (Bacillus larve) the following is found: 
It is a slender rod with moderate motility having a tendency to form in chains. 
The formation of spores and the arrangement of flagella is somewhat similar to that 
found in B. alveit. While B. alvei grows quite well on all the artificial media com- 
monly used in the laboratory, the growth of Bacillus ‘“‘X” is not so easily obtained. 
The medium which is most successful in the cultivation of this species is the one made 
from the larvee of bees. Growth has been obtained with difficulty upon ordinary 
agar and gelatin. 
The so-called palsy or paralysis received some attention, but after 
beginning this work it was soon realized that before it could be done 
satisfactorily it would be necessary to know something of the normal 
bacterial flora of the healthy bee. A brief study of the bacterial 
species most frequently found within and upon the normal bee was 
therefore made. 
Waite, JUNE, 1905. 
About the time that this last report was published, a manuscript 
embodying all of the work done on bee diseases at the New York 
State Veterinary College for the State of New York was prepared 
as a thesis.1 Since the manuscript is available to but few, it will 
not be reviewed here. With very few changes this manuscript was 
published as Technical Series No. 14, Bureau of Entomology, United 
States Department of Agriculture (p. 76). 
WILson, 1905. 
Of course it is very frequently impossible on account of inadequate 
descriptions to identify certain organisms. Inthecase of Bacillus alvei 
there is but little excuse for any mistake, since the description which 
Cheyne has made is entirely adequate for this purpose. In this con- 
nection a paper by Wilson? is of interest. 
He used a culture for demonstration purposes in a medical school, 
which he isolated from the tonsils of a patient with suspected diph- 
theria and identified it as B. alvei. He claims that B. alvei is fre- 

1 White, G. Franklin. June, 1905. The bacterial flora of the apiary with special reference to bee diseases. 
Thesis, Cornell University, Ithaca, N. Y. 
2 Wilson, Dr. R. J., 1905. Morphological characteristics of the Bacillus alvei. Proceedings of the New 
York Pathological Society, vol. 5, pp. 79-81. 
