WHITE, DECEMBER 26, 1908. 85 
2. The form which seems to be European foul brood he refers to 
as the ‘‘mild”’ form; and the other one, which seems to be American 
foul brood, he refers to as the “‘ virulent”’ form. 
3. In the “mild” form he finds Bacillus alver and Streptococcus 
apis, together with a few other species. 
4. In two instances he did not find Bacillus alvei present, but did 
find Streptococcus apis. ‘This condition he believes to be the ‘‘sour 
brood”’ of Burri. 
5. In a few cases only he reports difficulty in obtaining cultures of 
Streptococcus apis on artificial media. 
6. In the disease (American foul brood) which is most common in 
Germany, Maassen finds a species which he calls Bacillus. branden- 
burgiensis. 
7. In this disease he also finds Bacillus alver generally associated 
with Bacillus brandenburgiensis. 
8. In a few samples he found Streptococcus apis accompanying 
Bacillus brandenburgiensis. 
9. In his experimental inoculations, he obtained positive results 
when Bacillus brandenburgiensis in either the vegetative or spore 
form was fed to a healthy colony. 
10. He obtained negative results when healthy colonies were fed 
cultures of Streptococcus apis. 
11. He failed to produce disease by feeding to the healthy colonies 
dead brood containing Streptococcus apis but no Bacillus alver. 
12. He reports positive results when the spores of Bacillus alvet 
were fed together with dead brood containing Streptococcus apis. 
MAASSEN, SEPTEMBER, 1908. 
Maassen! published arother paper in 1908. He reviews briefly 
the history of the study of foul brood. An attempt was made to 
learn of the distribution of the diseases in Germany. For this pur- 
pose letters were sent to bee keepers in various parts of the country, 
making inquiry into the disease conditions of the apiaries. Answers 
were received from two States. He obtained data, however, from 
other sources which caused him to believe that foul brood is frequent 
in almost all of the German States. A review is then made of his 
own investigations relating to foul brood. 
Waitt, DECEMBER 26, 1908. 
The object of a paper? read before the National Bee Keepers’ 
Association on October 14, 1908, was to direct the attention of bee 
1 Maassen, Dr. Albert, September, 1908. Uber die unter dem Namen “ Faulbrut’’ bekannten seuchen- 
haften Bruterkrankungen der Honigbiene. Mitteilungen aus der kaiserlichen biologischen Anstalt fiir 
Land- und Forstwirtschaft. Heft 7. Pp. 24.4 Tafeln. July,1909. 2 Aufiage. Pp. 31. 4 Tafeln. 
2 White, G. Franklin, Dec. 26,1908. The relation of the etiology (cause) of bee diseases to the treatment. 
U.S. Department of Agriculture, Bureau of Entomology. Bulletin No. 75, PartIV, pp. 33-42. Reprinted. 
Annual Report of the National Bee Keepers’ Association for 1908. Pp. 60-65. U.S.A. 
