United States Department 

 Fish and Wildlife 



Wj] 



of the Interior, J 

 Service, Albert M. 



. A. 

 Day, 



Krug, Secretary 

 > Director 





Ldlife Leaflet 304 



l^ashington 



25. D. 



C. 











April 



1948 



OUTLIMES KIR STUm OF MAt^LALIAIT ECOLOGY AND LIFE HISTORIES 

 By Walter P. Taylor, Biologist, Division of V/ildli«e Research 



CONiaJTS 



Page 

 Introduction ••... 1 



The mammalian community .... 2 



Wildlife m&nagement 2 



Methods • . 3 



Relation of field and 



laboratory methods . . • 3 



Equipment 4 



The modern approach 4 



Examples of some modern 



approaches 5 



Background data 9 



Preparation for work ... 9 

 Environment and heredity . 9 

 Influences on environment . 10 

 Relations of mammals and 



plants 10 



Page 

 Background data — Continued, 



Life history of mammals , . 11 

 Relations of lower mammals 



and man • •• 11 



Suggested studies 11 



Environmental influences 



on mammals ^^ 



Mammalian influences -on 



environment • 15 



Life history ,,...•• 17 



Structure and behavior . . 18 



Lower mammals and man ... 20 



Discussion ••• 22 



Bibliography 23 



IKTRODDCTION 



Few lines of biological inquiry possess greater interest or importance 

 than those that deal with the activities of the wild animal in its natural 

 environment. Such studies also have a practical value (Taylor 1924). 1/ 



1/ Publications referred to parenthetically by date (alone or with colon 

 and specific page) are listed in the Bibliography, pp. 23-26« 



NOTE. — laiis leaflet is a revision of United States Department of 

 Agriculture Miscellaneous Publication 86, Outlines for Studies of Mammalian 

 Life Histories, issued in October 1930 by the Bureau of Biological Survey, 

 now a pert of the Fish and 'Wildlife Service, of the United States Department 

 of the Interior, 



