PAI'ILIONINA [THB01.A 



dark brown ; two or tliree terminal orange spots towards 

 tornus ; a long linear terminal projection on 2, and short tooth 

 on 3. Wings beneath brownish-orange ; a postmedian white 

 anteriorly fuscous-edged transverse line, and in hindwings also 

 a central one ; termen deeper orange. 



England, W. and S. Ireland, local ; C. Europe, Asia Minor, 

 NC. Asia ; 8, 9. Larva green ; dorsal line darker, sometimes 

 yellowish - edged ; double lateral series of oblique yellowish 

 streaks ; subspiracular line yellow ; head dark brown, pale- 

 marked : on blackthorn ; 5, 6. Pupa attached by tail and 

 central belt. 



5. T. quercus, L. 29-37 mm. Forewings dark fuscous, in $ 

 purple-tinged ; in ? anterior half deep purple-blue except on 

 margins. Hindwings dark fuscous ; a short linear terminal 

 projection on 2. Wings beneath pale ochreous-grey ; a white 

 anteriorly dark-edged postmedian line; a pale waved subterminal 

 line ; two orange subterminal spots towards tornus, in forewings 

 obscure, suffuscdly dark-edged anteriorly, in hindwings upper 

 black-centred, lower followed by a black dot. 



Britain to Ross, E. and S. Ireland ; Europe, Asia Minor ; 7, 

 8. Larva dull light reddish-brown, darker laterally ; dorsal 

 line darker, yellowish - edged ; a darker dorsal blotch on 3 ; 

 lateral series of oblique pale or whitish streaks, edged below 

 with dark fuscous ; spiracular yellowish ; head dark fuscous : 

 on oak, seldom Salix ; 5, 6. Pupa subterranean. 



2. Chrysophanus, fib. 



Eyes glabrous. Club of antennae elongate. Forewings : 6 

 separate, 8 and 9 stalked. 



An extensive and nearly cosmopolitan genus. Larva short, 

 stout, attenuated at extremities, with short hairs. Pupa 

 attached by the tail and central belt of silk, or sometimes un- 

 attached on the ground. Besides the following, C. virgaureae, 

 L., and C. hippothoe, L. (chri/seis, Bkh.), have been recorded as 

 British, but the evidence is insufficient to show that they 

 occurred naturally. 



1. Hindwings with linear terminal projection on 2 



1. argiades. 

 „ without linear projection . 2. 



2. Hindwings beneath with orange markings . 3. 



„ „ without orange markings . 5. 



3. Forewings dark fuscous . . .4. astrarche. 



„ coppery-orange . . .4. 



